Anthelmintic compounds comprising azaindoles structure

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to new anthelmintic compounds. These compounds can for example be used in the treatment of the kind of worm disease caused by helminths such as Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis.

The present invention relates to new anthelmintic compounds. These compounds can for example be used in the treatment of the kind of worm disease caused by helminths such as Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis.

BACKGROUND

Several severe animal diseases are caused by helminths, wherein the helminths can be categorized in the following groups of a) cestodes: e.g. Anaplocephala spp.; Dipylidium spp.; Diphyllobothrium spp.; Echinococcus spp.; Moniezia spp.; Taenia spp.; b) trematodes e.g. Dicrocoelium spp.; Fasciola spp.; Paramphistomum spp.; Schistosoma spp.; or c) nematodes, e.g. Acanthocheilonema spp.; Ancylostoma spp.; Anecator spp.; Ascaridia spp.; Ascaris spp.; Brugia spp.; Bunostomum spp.; Capillaria spp.; Chabertia spp.; Cooperia spp.; Cyathostomum spp.; Cylicocyclus spp.; Cylicodontophorus spp.; Cylicostephanus spp.; Craterostomum spp.; Dictyocaulus spp.; Dipetalonema spp; Dirofilaria spp.; Dracunculus spp.; Enterobius spp.; Filaroides spp.; Habronema spp.; Haemonchus spp.; Heterakis spp.; Hyostrongylus spp.; Metastrongylus spp.; Meullerius spp. Necator spp.; Nematodirus spp.; Nippostrongylus spp.; Oesophagostomum spp.; Onchocerca spp.; Onchocercidae spp; Ostertagia spp.; Oxyuris spp.; Parascaris spp.; Stephanurus spp.; Strongylus spp.; Syngamus spp.; Toxocara spp.; Strongyloides spp.; Teladorsagia spp.; Toxascaris spp.; Trichinella spp.; Trichuris spp.; Trichostrongylus spp.; Triodontophorous spp.; Uncinaria spp., and/or Wuchereria spp.

The above helminths cause helminthiasis also known as worm infection. These helminths often live in the gastrointestinal tract of their host, but they may also burrow into other organs, where they induce physiological damage. For example, Ascaridia spp. are reported to cause from infections of the small intestine to partial or even total obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract of the affected animal, in particular feather animals such as birds. Further, another helminth, Haemonchus spp., are known to affect animals like sheep and goats, wherein such infestation often results in the attachment in the abomasal mucosa for sucking blood from the host. Thus, the affected animal can get anaemic and short of breath. Even further, Oesophagostomum spp. are known to cause a nodule formation in the intestines of its infected hosts, which may result in dysentery.

Furthermore, heartworm disease, also known as cardiovascular dirofilariasis, is a serious and mostly fatal disease that may affect inner organs such as lung and heart in pets and certain mammals. The disease is caused by parasitic nematodes, Dirofilaria immitis, which in the adult state can have a length up to about 30 centimetres and a thickness of about 1 millimetre. These nematodes live in the heart, the lung and associated blood vessels causing severe lung disease, heart failure and damage to other inner organs such as the liver and kidneys. Thus, heartworm infection may result in complication for the host, typically culminating in the host's death.

The heartworm disease is known to affect pets, in particular dogs, which are considered as the definitive host. However, also cats, ferrets, wolves, coyotes, jackals, foxes, bears, sea lions and in very rare cases even humans (zoonosis) may be affected by heartworms.

Heartworms have to go through different stages before they become adults residing in the host animal. The mosquito plays an essential role in the heartworm's life cycle since it is required as an intermediate host. Adult female heartworms living in an infected host give birth to larvae called microfilaria, which can circulate in the bloodstream for as long as two years and are ingested by bloodsucking mosquitos. When a mosquito bites and takes up blood from such an infected host, it picks up said microfilaria, which start to develop in the mosquito such that the first and second larval stages (L₁) and (L₂) of the heartworm development occurs within the body of a mosquito. Once said larvae have matured into the third larval stage (L₃), the infective larval stage, and the mosquito locates and bites a host, these infective larvae are deposited onto the surface of the host's skin and enter the new host through the mosquito's bite such that they are under the skin at the site of the bite wound. After a short period of about 2 weeks for further growth, they develop into the fourth larval stage (L₄) and migrate to the muscles of the chest and abdomen. 45 to 60 days after infection the larvae become immature adults (fifth larval stage; L₅) and between 75 and 120 days after infection (bite of the mosquito), these immature heartworms then enter the bloodstream and are carried to the heart and the pulmonary system, where they significantly increase in size over the next about three months. By seven months after the infection (bite of the mosquito) the adult worms have mated, and the females begin giving birth to the above-mentioned microfilaria. The matured heartworms can live for up to about 7 years in dogs and up to about 3 years in cats. Due to the longevity of these worms, each mosquito season can lead to an increasing number of heartworms in an infected pet.

Due to the extensive use of anthelmintic compounds, a highly resistant worm population is reported to have occurred. The occurrence of this resistance against known anthelmintics is considered to cause growing problems for a successful treatment of the above-mentioned disease(s).

WO 2017/178416 discloses a compound considered as anthelmintic, namely a pyrazolopyrimidine derivative of the following structure

wherein residues R¹, R², R³, R⁴, Q, X and Y are defined correspondingly.

The molecules are considered as modulators of the calcium-activated potassium channel slo-1 of nematodes, wherein slo-1 can be regarded as the helminth's ortholog of the human KCa1.1 channel (potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1), which is encoded by the KCNMA1 gene (KCa1.1 and KCNMA1 are often used synonymously). Slo-1 exhibits calcium-activated potassium channel activity and voltage-gated potassium channel activity. Slo-1 channels play an important role in the neuromuscular system as well as in secretory cells among others. Thus, slo-1 modulators are reported to be involved in several processes including behavioural response to ethanol, locomotion and pharyngeal pumping. More particularly they disrupt neuromuscular transmission causing a flaccid paralysis and also affect feeding and egg-laying. Further, they slow the development of the larvae and the adults of the corresponding helminth.

Nevertheless, especially in view of the occurrence of resistance to known anthelmintic compounds there is still an urgent need for new active pharmaceutical ingredients that are able to address infections by helminths.

Hence, it is an object of the present invention to overcome one or more of the drawbacks of the prior art.

It is an object to provide new anthelmintic compounds which can be used to address infections in mammals, in particular in pets such as cats and dogs, especially in dogs. In particular, it is an object to provide new anthelmintic compounds which can be used to address infections in mammals by parasitic helminths such as Ostertagia ostertagi, Cooperia oncophora, Cooperia punctata, Trichostrongylus axei, Haemonchus placei, Haemonchus contortus, Nematodirus helvetianus, Nematodirus spathiger, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichostrongylus circumcincta, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Chabertia ovina, Dictyocaulus viviparous, Dictyocaulus filaria, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens; b) Trematodes: Fasciola hepatica, Fascioloides magna, Dicrocoelium dentriticum, Paramphistomum cervi, c) Cestodes: Monezia expansai, especially Ascaridia galli, Haemonchus contortus, Oesophagostomum dentatum, and Acanthocheilonema viteae and by Dirofilaria immitis, in particular infections by Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm). Another object is to provide new anthelmintic compounds which can be used to address infections in mammals, wherein these compounds are compatible with standard antiparasitic treatments in pets, in particular in cats and dogs, especially in dogs. In particular, it is an object to provide new anthelmintic compounds which can be used to address infections in pets such as cats and dogs and which can be administered orally or topically.

More specifically, it is an object to provide new anthelmintic compounds which can be used to address infections in mammals by parasitic helminths, in particular infections by Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm), but does not negatively affect the host by undesired side-effects.

Moreover, it is an object that said new anthelmintic compounds can be used in different treatment schedules, in particular in monthly or longer treatment schedules.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Surprisingly it was found that at least one of the objects can be met by providing a compound according to Formula (I)

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto,         halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR²R³, COOH, C(═O)OR⁴,         SR⁴, SOR⁴, SO₂R⁴, SO₂NR⁵R⁶ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,             C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀             aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or             C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, is optionally substituted with one or             more substituent(s) independently selected from the group             consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,                 C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl,                 C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy,                 mercapto, NR^(2′)R^(3′), C(═O)OR^(4′), SR^(4′),                 SOR^(4′), SO₂R^(4′), SO₂NR^(5′)R^(6′) and                 C(═O)NR^(5′)R^(6′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl and C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl or C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and R³ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5-             to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered             heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             mercapto, NR^(2″)R^(3″), C(═O)OR^(4″), SR^(4″), SOR⁴,             SO₂R^(4″), SO₂NR^(5″)R^(6″) and C(═O)NR^(5″)R^(6″);

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(2′), R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′) and R^(6′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(2″), R^(3″), R^(4″), R^(5″) and R^(6″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto,         halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR⁸R⁹, COOH,         C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰, SO₂NR¹¹R¹² and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,             C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀             aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or             C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto is optionally substituted with one or             more substituent(s) independently selected from the group             consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,                 C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl,                 C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy,                 mercapto, NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′), SR^(10′),                 SOR^(10′), SO₂R^(10′), SO₂NR^(11′)R^(12′) and                 C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl or C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5-             to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered             heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             mercapto, NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″), SR^(10″), SOR^(10″),             SO₂R^(10″), SO₂NR^(11″)R^(12″) and C(═O)NR¹¹R^(12″);

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10′), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R¹³ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl,

R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, NR^(14′)R^(14″), wherein R^(14′) and R^(14″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, or

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—, or

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(17′)R^(17″), wherein R^(17′) and R^(17″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(18′)R^(18″), wherein R^(18′) and R^(18″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,

-   -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to             10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered             heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano,             nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR²⁰R²¹, C(═O)OR²², SR²², SOR²²,             SO₂R²², SO₂NR²³R²⁴ and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to         10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl         substituted with C₆₋₁₀-aryl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of     -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         mercapto, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′), SR^(22′), SOR^(22′),         SO₂R^(22′), SO₂NR^(23′)R^(24′), and C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R²⁵ is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of     -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

wherein R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10         membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4-             to 10 membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10 membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10         membered heterocyclyl and 5- to 10 membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10         membered heterocyclyl, and 5- to 10 membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)—OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″);

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10′), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4- to 10 membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰,         SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹², wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl,         C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4- to 10 membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, 5- to 10 membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and             C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5- to 10 membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5- to 10 membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl.

R^(8″) are R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R^(18″) is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,                 C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,             C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′),             C(═O)OR^(22′) and C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,                 C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,             C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′),             C(═O)OR^(22′) and C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro and                 hydroxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein the C₆₋₁₀-aryl is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, halogen, cyano and nitro.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein the C₆₋₁₀-aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or         three substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R²⁵ is hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compound according to Formula (I) is present in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

Further, the present invention provides a process for preparing the compound according to Formula (I) comprising the step of

-   -   reacting a compound of Formula (A)

-   -   with a compound of Formula (B)

Hal-R₁   Formula (B)

wherein

Hal is a halogen, and

R¹, R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any one of claims 1 to 13, to obtain the compound according to Formula (I).

Further, the present invention provides a veterinary composition comprising

-   -   compound according to Formula (I), and     -   one or more physiologically acceptable excipient(s).

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the one or more physiologically acceptable excipient(s) are selected from carriers, fillers, flavours, binders, antioxidants, buffers, sugar components, lubricants, surfactants, stabilizers, flow agents, disintegration agents and preservatives and mixtures thereof.

Further, the present invention provides compounds according to Formula (I) or the veterinary composition according to the invention for use as a medicament.

Further, the present invention provides compounds according to Formula (I) or the veterinary composition according to the invention for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the disease is filariasis and in particular heartworm disease.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the helminths are Dirofilaria immitis.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It was found that compounds according to Formula (I) or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof are useful in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths such as Ostertagia ostertagi, Cooperia oncophora, Cooperia punctata, Trichostrongylus axei, Haemonchus placei, Haemonchus contortus, Nematodirus helvetianus, Nematodirus spathiger, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichostrongylus circumcincta, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Chabertia ovina, Dictyocaulus viviparous, Dictyocaulus filaria, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens; b) Trematodes: Fasciola hepatica, Fascioloides magna, Dicrocoelium dentriticum, Paramphistomum cervi, c) Cestodes: Monezia expansa. In particular, Ascaridia galli, Haemonchus contortus, Oesophagostomum dentatum and by Dirofilaria immitis. In particular, the compounds according to the invention and/or any embodiments thereof are useful in the treatment of helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease. Optionally, the compounds according to the invention and/or any embodiments thereof are useful in the treatment of the disorders/diseases caused by helminths such as nematodes, in particular Dirofilaria immitis, wherein the disorder/disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis is the heartworm disease.

Advantageously the compounds according to the invention and/or any embodiments thereof are effective against helminth such as Dirofilaria immitis, but not effective against bacteria that are especially relevant in the mammal's, in particular the dog's, health, such as Acinetobacter baumanii or Staphylococcus spp. or Streptococcus spp.

The inventors found that the compounds of the invention meet such needs and are therefore very useful in the treatment (and prevention) of diseases caused by helminths such as the heartworm disease.

The following abbreviations and definitions are used throughout this application:

Generally, reference to a certain element is meant to include all isotopes of that element. For example, if a group is defined to include hydrogen or a residue is hydrogen, it also includes deuterium and tritium.

The term “C₁₋₆-alkyl” refers to alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms that do not contain heteroatoms. Thus, the term includes straight chain alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl. The term also includes branched chain isomers of straight chain alkyl groups, including but not limited to, the following that are provided by way of example: —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH(CH₃)(CH₂CH₃), —CH(CH₂CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH(CH₂CH₃)₂, —CH₂C(CH₃)₃, —CH(CH₃)CH(CH₃)(CH₂CH₃), —CH₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂CH(CH₃)(CH₂CH₃), —CH₂CH₂C(CH₃)₃ and others. Thus, the term “C₁₋₆-alkyl’ includes primary alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, secondary alkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and tertiary alkyl groups having 4 to 6 carbon atoms.

Correspondingly, the term “C₁₋₃-alkyl” refers to alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms that do not contain heteroatoms. Thus, the term includes straight chain alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, and propyl. The term also includes branched chain isomers of straight chain alkyl groups, namely CH(CH₃)₂. Thus, the term “C₁₋₃-alkyl’ includes primary alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and a secondary alkyl groups having 3 carbon atoms.

The term “C₂₋₆-alkenyl” refers to straight and branched chain alkenyl groups such as those described with respect to the “C₂₋₆-alkyl” defined above, except that at least one double bond exists between two carbon atoms. Examples include, but are not limited to —CH═CH₂, —C(CH₃)═CH₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —CH═C(CH₃)₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —C(CH₃)═CH(CH₃), —C(CH₂CH₃)H═CH₂, —CH₂═CH(CH₂CH₃), —CH₂CH₂—CH═CH₂, CH₂CH₂—C(CH₃)═CH₂, CH₂CH₂—CH═C(CH₃)H, —CH═CH—(CH₂)₂CH₃, —CH═C(CH₃)—CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃—CH═CH₂, —(CH₂)₄—CH═CH₂, —(CH₂)₂—CH═C(CH₃)₂, butadienyl, pentadienyl, and hexadienyl among others.

The term “C₂₋₆-alkynyl” refers to straight and branched chain alkynyl groups such as those described with respect to the “C₂₋₆-alkyl” defined above, except that at least one triple bond exists between two carbon atoms. Examples include, but are not limited to, - to —C≡CH, —C≡CCH₃, —C≡C—CH₂CH₃, —CH₂—C≡CH, —CH(CH₃)—C≡CH, —C(CH₃)₂—C≡CH, —CH₂—C≡CCH₃, —CH(CH₃)—C≡CCH₃, —C(CH₃)₂—C≡CCH₃, —CH₂—C≡C—CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)—C≡C—CH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂—C≡C—CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₂—C≡C—CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃—C≡C—CH₃ among others.

The term “C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl” refers to non-aromatic monocyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or non-aromatic polycyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbons atoms, wherein said groups consist solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Cycloalkyl may include fused or bridged ring systems having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Non-aromatic monocyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptly, cyclooctyl and the like. Non-aromatic polycyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms include, but are not limited to, adamantine, norbornane, decalinyl, 7,7-dimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl and the like.

The term “5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl” refers to cyclic groups wherein 5 to 10 members (atoms) form the skeleton, wherein the skeleton of said cyclic compounds comprises at least one carbon atom and at least one heteroatom. Examples of heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, N, O and S. Unless specifically stated otherwise in the specification, the “5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl” may be a monocyclic, bicyclic or polycyclic group which may include fused or bridged ring systems, wherein a part of the fused ring system may be aromatic; the nitrogen, carbon or sulphur atoms in the “5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl” may be optionally oxidized; the nitrogen atom may be optionally quaternized; and the heterocyclyl residue radical may be partially saturated.

Examples of heterocyclyl groups include, but are not limited, to pyrrolinyl, 3H-pyrazolyl, 4H-pyrazolyl dihydropyridyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, indolinyl, quinuclidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl thiazolodinyl, dihydrodithiinyl, dihydrodithionyl, tetrahydrothiophene, tetrahydrothiopyran, benzothiazinyl such as 2H-1,4-benzothiazinyl, dihydrobenzothiazinyl such a 2H-3,4-dihydrobenzothiazinyl, benzodioxolyl such as 1, 3-benzodioxoyl, dihydrooxathiinyl, 1,4-oxathianyl. Further examples of heterocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, those described above in which one or more S atoms in the ring is double-bonded to one or two oxygen atoms (sulfoxides and sulfones) such as tetrahydrothiophene, tetrahydrothiophene oxide and tetrahydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide as well as thiomorpholine, thiomorpholine oxide and thiomorpholine-1,1 dioxide.

The term “C₆₋₁₀ aryl” refers to a group with an aromatic skeletal structure, wherein the ring atoms of the aromatic skeletal structure are carbon atoms. In other words, the “C₆₋₁₀ aryl” does not contain heteroatoms such as N, S, O in the aromatic skeletal structure.

Examples for aryl groups include, but are not limited, to phenyl, biphenyl and naphthyl.

The term “5 to 10-membered heteroaryl” refers to an aromatic group wherein 5 to 10 members (atoms) form the skeleton, wherein the skeleton of said cyclic compound comprises at least one carbon atom and at least one heteroatom. Examples of heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, N, O and S. Unless specifically stated otherwise in the specification, the “5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl” may be a monocyclic or bicyclic or polycyclic group, which may include fused ring systems.

Examples of 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazolyl such as 1H-1,2,3-triazolyl, 2H-1,2,3-triazolyl,1H-1,2,4-triazolyl and 4H-1,2,4-triazlyl, tetrazolyl such as 1H-tetrazolyl, 2H tetrazolyl and 5H-tetrazoyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, indolizinyl, benzimidazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, indazolyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl such as 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzoxazinyl such as 2H-1,4-benzoxazinyl thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl such 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, thienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazinyl, benzofuranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolin, cinnolinyl, quinaxolinyl quinoxalinyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, purinyl, pteridinyl, furyl, benzodioxolyl such as 1, 3-benzodioxoyl, benzothienyl, benzodithiinyl and benzoxathiinyl.

The term “C₁₋₆-alkoxy” refers to a group which based on an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms bound to an oxygen. The alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms refers to straight and branched chains such as those described with respect to the “C₁₋₆-alkyl” defined above.

Correspondingly, the term “C₁₋₃-alkoxy” refers to a group which is based on an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms bound to an oxygen. The alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms refers to straight and branched chains such as those described with respect to the “C₁₋₃-alkyl” defined above.

The term “C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto” refers to a group which is based on an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms bound to a sulfur The alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms refers to straight and branched chains such as those described with respect to the “C₁₋₆-alkyl” defined above.

“Optionally substituted” refers to the optional replacement of one or more hydrogen(s) of the group to be substituted with one or more of the defined substituent(s).

Further amines, hydroxyl and mercapto groups may be protected. The term “protected” with regard to these groups refers to forms of these functionalities with a protecting group to prevent said groups from undesirable reaction. Such protecting groups are known to those skilled in the art for example from Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis; Wuts, P. G. M. John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y., (53^(th) Edition, 2014). The protecting groups can be added or removed using the procedures set forth therein.

Examples of protected hydroxyl groups include, but are not limited to, silyl ethers such as those obtained by reaction of a hydroxyl group with a reagent such as, but not limited to, t-butyldimethyl-chlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, triisopropylchlorosilane, triethylchlorosilane; substituted methyl and ethyl ethers such as, but not limited to, methoxymethyl ether, methythiomethyl ether, benzyloxymethyl ether, t-butoxymethyl ether, 2-methoxyethoxymethyl ether, tetrahydropyranyl ethers, 1-ethoxyethyl ether, allyl ether, benzyl ether; esters such as, but not limited to, benzoylformate, formate, acetate, trichloroacetate and trifluoracetate.

Examples of protected amine groups include, but are not limited to, amides such as formamide, acetamide, trifluoroacetamide and benzamide; imides, such as phthalimide and dithiosuccinimide; carbamate such as tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) and others.

Examples of protected mercapto groups include, but are not limited to, thioether such as S-benzyl thioether, and S-4-picolyl thioether; substituted S-methyl derivatives such as hemithio, dithio and aminothio acetals and others.

Stereoisomers include compounds which are made of the same atoms connected in the same sequence, but the atoms are positioned differently in space. Stereoisomers include diastereoisomers and enantiomers.

A “physiologically acceptable salt” it referred to as salt with an inorganic base, organic base, inorganic acid, organic acid or basic or acidic amino acid.

Examples of suitable inorganic acids for making (physiologically acceptable) salts include, but are not limited to, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, nitric, carbonic, sulfuric and phosphoric acid.

Examples of suitable organic acids for making (pharmaceutically acceptable) salts include, but are not limited to, cholic acid, sorbic acid, lauric acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, glycolic acid, gluconic acid, digluconic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, glucuronic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, pyruvic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, benzoic acid, anthranilic acid, mesylic acid, stearic acid, salicylic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, mandelic acid, embonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, toluene sulfonic acid, pantothenic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sulfanilic acid, cyclohexylaminosulfonic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, galactaric acid, galacturonic acid, adipic acid, alginic acid, butyric acid, camphoric acid, camphorsulfonic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, dodecylsulficacid, glycoheptanoic acid, glycerophosphic acid, heptanoic acid, hexanoic acid, nicotinic acid, 2-naphthalesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, palmoic acid, pectinic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, picric acid, pivalic acid, thiocyanic acid, tosylic acid, undecanoic acid and acidic amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid.

Examples of base addition salts may include, for example, metallic salts and organic salts.

Metallic salts include, but are not limited to, alkali metal (group Ia) salts, alkaline earth metal (group IIa) salts and other physiologically acceptable metal salts. Examples of such salts may be made from aluminium, calcium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and zinc. For example, a free acid compound may be mixed with sodium hydroxide to form such a base addition salt.

Organic salts may be made from amines, such as trimethylamine, diethylamine, N,N′-dibenzyl-ethylenediamine, chloroprocaine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, N-methyl-glucamine, procaine and basic amino acids such as arginine, lysine and ornithine.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable ester” refers to esters that hydrolyze in vivo and include those that break down readily in the human body to leave the parent compound or a salt thereof. Suitable ester groups include, for example, those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable aliphatic carboxylic acids, particularly alkanoic, alkenoic, cycloalkanoic and alkanedioic acids in which each alkyl or alkenyl moiety advantageously has not more than 6 carbon atoms. Representative examples of particular esters include, but are not limited to, formates, acetates, propionates, butyrates, acrylates and ethylsuccinates.

A solvate of a compound can be regarded as a compound in which an organic solvent or water adheres to said compound. Organic solvents refer to the ones which are known by the skilled person. In case that water is adhered to the compound the corresponding compound is known as a hydrate.

The term “polymorph” as used herein and as generally understood by the skilled person refers to different crystalline forms of the same molecular entity. Therefore, due to their different chemical compositions, solvates and hydrates as discussed above are not included in the definition of polymorphism but are rather designated “pseudopolymorphs” instead.

The term “prodrug” refers to compounds that are rapidly transformed in vivo to yield the parent compound of the above Formula ((I), for example by hydrolysis in blood. A thorough discussion is provided in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems, Vol. 14 of the A. C. S. Symposium Series, and in Edward B. Roche, Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs” as used herein refers to those prodrugs of the compounds of the present invention that are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio and effective for their intended use, as well as the zwitterionic forms, where possible, of the compounds of the invention.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹ is defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro and         C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iai), (Iaii) or (Iaiii).

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iai), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iaii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iaiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷ is defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰,         SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′)                 and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl, preferably         dimethylamino and morpholin-4-yl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibi), (Ibii), (Ibiii), (Ibiv), (Ibv), (Ibvi), (Ibvii), (Ibvii), (Ibix), (Ibx) or (Ibxi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ibxi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹³ and R¹⁴ as well as R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl, and

R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

More suitably, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl, and

R¹⁴ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl.

More suitably, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl, and

R¹⁴ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In another embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In another embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₃-alkyl, or C₁₋₃-alkoxy,

R¹⁵ is hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃-alkyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(18″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃-alkyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁸ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl.

In another embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,

R¹⁴ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen,

R¹⁵ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,

R¹⁶ hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,

R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are hydrogen.

In another embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl,

R¹⁴ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen,

R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ic).

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷, R¹⁹ and R^(2′) are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ic), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6 carbon atoms-containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6 carbon atoms-containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—; or R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6 carbon atoms-containing aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6 carbon atoms-containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—.

Examples of the 5 or 6 carbon atoms containing non-aromatic or aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6 carbon atoms-containing non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—; or wherein the 5 or 6 carbon atoms-containing aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S— include, but are not limited to, the residues which are represented by the below structures

wherein

denotes the bond to the amide group; and

denotes the bond with which the above ring system is fused with the aromatic ring.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idi), (Idii), (Idiii) or (Idiv).

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idv), (Idvi) or (Idvii)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Idvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹⁹ is defined as above.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy,                 C(═O)OR²², SO₂R²², SO₂NR²³R²⁴ and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,

-   -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, C(═O)OR²²             and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl

-   -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro and hydroxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is a 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl

-   -   wherein the 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro and hydroxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is a 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl

-   -   wherein the 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl and halogen, preferably halogen.

Examples of 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridin-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-3-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazolyl such as 1H-1,2,3-triazolyl, 2H-1,2,3-triazolyl,1H-1,2,4-triazolyl and 4H-1,2,4-triazlyl, tetrazolyl such as 1H-tetrazolyl, 2H tetrazolyl and 5H-tetrazoyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolinyl, indolizinyl, benzimidazolyl, quinoline 4-yl, quinoline-8-yl, isoquinolyl, indazolyl, naphthyridinyl, benzotriazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl such as 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzoxazinyl such as 2H-1,4-benzoxazinyl thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl such 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, thien-2-yl, thien-3-yl benzothiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazinyl, benzofuranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolin, cinnolinyl, quinaxolinyl quinoxalinyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, purinyl, pteridinyl, furyl, benzodioxolyl such as 1, 3-benzodioxoyl, benzothienyl, benzodithiinyl and benzoxathiinyl. Preferred are pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridin-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-3-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, quinoline-8-yl, thien-2-yl and thien-3-yl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R¹⁹ is a 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,

-   -   wherein the 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is substituted with one         or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl and halogen, preferably halogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein the C₆₋₁₀ aryl is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, halogen, cyano and nitro.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

Examples of phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of fluoride, chloride and bromide include, but are not limited to, 2-fluoro-phenyl, 3-fluourophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2-bromophenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 2,5-difluorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 2,5-dichlorophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 2,3-dibromophenyl, 2,4-dibromophenyl, 2,5-dibromophenyl, 3,4-dibromophenyl, 3,5-dibromophenyl, 2,3,4-trifluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 2,3,4-trichlorophenyl, 2,3,5-trichlorophenyl, 3,4,5-trichlorophenyl, 2,3,4-tribromophenyl, 2,3,5-tribromophenyl, 3,4,5-tribromophenyl, 2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 2-chloro-5-fluorophenyl, 3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl, 4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl, 4-chloro-5-fluorophenyl, 5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 5-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 5-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-bromo-2fluorophenyl, 4-bromo-2-chlorobromophenyl, 4-bromo-3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-dichloro-2-fluoro-phenyl, 3,5-dichloro-2-fluorophenyl, 3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl, 4,5-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl, 3,4-dibromo-2-fluoro-phenyl, 3,5-dibromo-2-fluorophenyl, 4,5-dibromo-3-fluorphenyl, 2-chloro-3,4-difluorophenyl, 2-chloro-3,5-difluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4,5-difluorophenyl, 3,4-dibromo-2-chlorophenyl, 3,5-dibromo-2-chlorophenyl, 4,5-dibromo-3-chlorophenyl, 2-bromo-3,4-difluorophenyl, 2-bromo-3,5-difluorophenyl, 3-bromo-4,5-difluorophenyl, 2-bromo-3,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-bromo-3,5-dichlorophenyl, 3-bromo-4,5-dichlorophenyl, 4-bromo-3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 4-bromo-2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 2-bromo-3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 5-bromo-3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 5-bromo-2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 2-bromo-3-chloro-5-fluourophenyl, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 5-bromo-3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl and 3-bromo-4-chloro-5 fluorophenyl.

Preferred are 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 2,3-difluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 5-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 5-chlor-3-fluorophenyl, 5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl, 3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl and 3,4,5-trichlorophenyl, more preferably 2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl, 2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, 3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, in particular 2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and 3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iei), (Ieii), (Ieiii), (Ieiv), (Iev), (Ievi), (Ievii), (Ieviii), (Ieix) or (Iex)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ R¹⁸ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iei), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ieii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ieiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ieiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iev), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ievi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ievii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ieviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ieix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iex), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R²⁵ is defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R²⁵ is hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (If)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (If), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹ and R⁷ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″)

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10′), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Igi), (Igii), (Igiii), or (Igiv)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Igi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Igii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Igiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Igiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹ as well as R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen,             cyano, hydroxy and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihi), (Ihii) (Ihiii), (Ihiv), (Ihv) or (Ihvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and

R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

wherein R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

wherein R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

wherein R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihvii), (Ihviii) (Ihix) or (Ihx))

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ihx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹ and R¹⁹ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride, and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iii), (Iiii), (Iiiii), (Iiiv), (Iiv) or (Iivi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iiiii). preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iiiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iivi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹ and R²⁵ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl. preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iji) or (Ijii)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iji), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ijii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷ as well as R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(11″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″)

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10′), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iki), (Ikii), (Ikiii), (Ikiv), (Ikv) or (Ikvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iki), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″)

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikvii), (Ikviii), (Ikix) or (Ikx)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ikx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷ and R¹⁹ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (IIi), (Ilii), (Iliii), (Iliv), (Ilv) or (Ilvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R¹³ R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (IIi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ilii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iliii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iliv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (IIv). In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ilvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷ and R²⁵ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10′), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Imi) or (Imii)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R¹³ R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Imi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Imii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ as well as R¹⁹ are defined as above.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and

R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹, C(═O)OR²² and             C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′) R^(21′) R^(22′) R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ini), (Inii), (Iniii), (Iniv), (Inv), (Invi), (Invii), (Inviii) or (Inix)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ini), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iniii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iniv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Invi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Invii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹, C(═O)OR²² and             C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of     -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, halogen,         cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and         C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inx), (Inxi), (Inxii), (Inxiii), (Inxiv) or (Inxv)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inxi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inxii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inxiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inxiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Inxv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹³, R¹⁴, R⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ as well as R² are defined as above.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ioi), (Ioii) or (Ioiii)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ioi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ioii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ioiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ioiv) or (Iov)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ioiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iov), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as above.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein each         C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹, C(═O)OR²² and             C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         fluoride, chloride and bromide,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ipi), (Ipii) or (Ipiii)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ and R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R⁸ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ipi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ipii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ipiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ as well as R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″)

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqi), (Iqii), (Iqiii), (Iqiv), (Iqv) or (Iqvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″)

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqvii), (Iqviii), (Iqix) or (Iqx)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iqx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ and R¹⁹ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″)

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of 2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and 3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iri), (Irii), (Iriii), (Iriv), (Irv) or (Irvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ as well as R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iri), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Irii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iriii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iriv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Irv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Irvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹, R⁷ and R²⁵ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR¹⁰° and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Isi) or (Isii)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ as well as R are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Isi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Isii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ as well as R¹⁹ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of 2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and 3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iti), (Itii) (Itiii), (Itiv), (Itv), (Itvi), (Itvii), (Itviii) or (Itix)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iti), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itviii, preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer). In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itx), (Itxi) (Itxii), (Itxiii), (Itxiv) or (Itxv)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itxi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itxii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itxiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixitv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Itxv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ as well as R²⁵ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iui), (Iuii) or (Iuiii))

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iui), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iuii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iuiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iuiv) or (Iuv)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iuiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iuv, preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer).

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro,         hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituents independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy                 and NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to         10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and         R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy,

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′) R^(21′) R^(22′) R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen,         -   wherein C₁₋₆-alkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted             with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from             the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and                 NR^(2′)R^(3′),

R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl, more preferably from hydrogen and methyl,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         fluoride and chloride,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ivi), (Ivii) or (Iviii))

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ivi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ivii, preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer). In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′) R^(21′) R^(22′) R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwi), (Iwii), (Iwiii), (Iwiv), (Iwv), (Iwvi) (Iwvii), (Iwviii), (Iwix), (Iwx), (Iwxi) or (Iwxii)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″),

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxiii), (Iwxiv), (Iwxv), (Iwxvi), (Iwxvii), (Iwxviii) (Iwxix) or (Iwxx)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹ and R²⁵ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iwxx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R²⁵ are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy, and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixi), (Ixii), (Ixiii), (Ixiv), (Ixv) or (Ixvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixiii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixiv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixvii), (Ixviii), (Ixix) or (Ixx)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹ and R¹⁹ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Ixx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R⁷, R¹⁹ and R^(2′) are defined as above.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4 to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,         NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4             to 10-membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally             substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently             selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5 to 10-membered                 heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,                 NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to         10-membered heterocyclyl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituent(s) independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered         heterocyclyl, C₁₋₃-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl or C₁₋₃-alkoxy is optionally substituted with             one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the             group consisting of             -   C₁₋₃-alkyl, 5 to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′),

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O;

-   -   wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″);

R^(8′) and R^(9′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

R^(8″) and R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₃-alkyl, preferably from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, methoxy, ethoxy,         isopropoxy, hydroxy, methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, methyl         sulfoxyl, methyl sulfonyl, methylthio, amino, methylamino,         ethylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylmethylamino,         hydroxyethylamino, methoxyethylamino, morpholin-4-yl,         4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl,         3-fluoroazetidinyl and 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iyi), (Iyii), (Iyiii), (Iyiv), (Iyv) or (Iyvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹, R¹³ R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷ and R¹⁸ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iyi) preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iyii) preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iyiii) preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iyiv) preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iyv) preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iyvi) preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer

The invention provides a compound according to the invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as above.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the non-aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —O—, or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of fluoride, chloride and bromide,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH— or —O—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izi), (Izii), (Iziii), (Iziv), (Izv) or (Izvi)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹ and R⁷ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iziii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Iziv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izv), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izvi), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl,         -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl is             optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)             independently selected from the group consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to                 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered                 heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹,                 C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, 5 to 10-membered             heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, to 10-membered heteroaryl,             halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′),

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

and

R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl,

-   -   wherein C₆₋₁₀ aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three         substituents independently selected from the group consisting of         -   fluoride, chloride and bromide,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof,

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein one or more of the ring-forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.

and

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   2,3-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl,         3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl and         3,5-dichlorophenyl,

and

R²⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izvii), (Izviii), (Izix) or (Izx)

or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof, wherein R¹ and R⁷ are defined as in any of the embodiments described herein.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izvii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izviii), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izix), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer. In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compounds are according to Formula (Izx), preferably in form of the (S)-enantiomer.

The compound according to invention can be considered as an “active” agent, which in this context is regarded as a substance that will inhibit the growth of helminths such as Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis. The term “inhibiting the growth” indicates that the rate of increase in the numbers of a population of a helminth is reduced. Thus, the term includes situations in which the helminth population increases but at a reduced rate, as well as situations where the growth of the population is stopped, as well as situations where the numbers of the helminth in the population are reduced or the population is even eliminated.

Further, the present invention provides a process for preparing the compound according to Formula (I) comprising the step of reacting a compound of Formula (A)

with a compound of Formula

Hal-R₁   Formula (B)

wherein

Hal is a halogen

R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto,         halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR²R³, COOH, C(═O)OR⁴,         SR⁴, SOR⁴, SO₂R⁴, SO₂NR⁵R⁶ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,             C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀             aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or             C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, is optionally substituted with one or             more substituent(s) independently selected from the group             consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,                 C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl,                 C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy,                 mercapto, NR^(2′)R^(3′), C(═O)OR^(4′), SR^(4′),                 SOR^(4′), SO₂R^(4′), SO₂NR^(5′)R^(6′) and                 C(═O)NR⁵′R^(6′),

R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl and C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl or C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and R³ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5-             to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered             heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             mercapto, NR^(2″)R^(3″), C(═O)OR^(4″), SR^(4″), SOR⁴,             SO₂R^(4″), SO₂NR^(5″)R^(6″) and C(═O)NR^(5″)R^(6″),

R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(2′), R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′) and R^(6′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(2″), R^(3″), R^(4″), R^(5″) and R^(6″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto,         halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR⁸R⁹, COOH,         C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰, SO₂NR¹¹R¹² and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,         -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,             C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀             aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or             C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto is optionally substituted with one or             more substituent(s) independently selected from the group             consisting of             -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,                 C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl,                 C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy,                 C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy,                 mercapto, NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′), SR^(10′),                 SOR^(10′), SO₂R^(10′), SO₂NR^(11′)R^(12′) and                 C(═O)NR¹¹R¹²,

R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl, or

R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl,         C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5-         to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl         substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with         C₆₋₁₀-aryl or C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together         with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally         substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently         selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5-             to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered             heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             mercapto, NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″), SR^(10″), SOR^(10″),             SO₂R^(10″), SO₂NR^(11″)R^(12″) and C(═O)NR^(11″)R^(12″),

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10′), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R¹³ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl,

R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, NR^(14′)R^(14″), wherein R^(14′) and R^(14″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl or R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O—, —S(O)—, S(O)₂ or —S—, or

R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—,

R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(17′)R^(17″), wherein R^(17′) and R^(17″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(18′)R^(18″), wherein R^(18′) and R^(18″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl,

R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl,

-   -   wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is         optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s)         independently selected from the group consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to             10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered             heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano,             nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR²⁰R²¹, C(═O)OR²², SR²², SOR²²,             SO₂R²², SO₂NR²³R²⁴ and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴,

R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of

-   -   hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to         10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl         substituted with C₆₋₁₀-aryl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to         10-membered heteroaryl, or

R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O,

-   -   wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to         10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered         heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto or the         heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom         to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or         more substituents independently selected from the group         consisting of         -   C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5-             to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered             heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy,             mercapto, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′) SR^(22′),             SOR^(22′), SO₂R^(22′), SO₂NR^(23′)R^(24′), and             C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′)

R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl,

R²⁵ is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl

to obtain the compound according to Formula (I).

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, as far as R¹, R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are concerned, the same applies as described above with regard to the compound according to the invention.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, Hal is a halogen selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide or iodide, preferably bromide or iodide, in particular iodide.

The compounds of Formula (A) and Formula (B) are either commercially or synthetically available.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the compound of Formula (A) which can be referred to as compound containing an azaindole structure wherein the 7-position of the azaindole is not substituted with the compound according to Formula (B) can be submitted to form a compound containing an azaindole structure wherein the 7-position of the corresponding in position 7 of the azaindole is substituted with residue R¹ in an organic solvent in the presence of a coupling agent.

Examples of coupling agents include, but are not limited to, copper (I) salts such as CuCl, Cu₂O, Cu(I), or copper (II) salts such as CuO, Cu(OAc)₂, preferably Cu(I).

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the process can be carried out in the presence of oxygen.

Organic solvents are known to the skilled person.

A suitable organic solvent for the process according to the present invention can for example be acetonitrile, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMA), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), preferably dimethylacetamide (DMA) or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP, in particular (DMA).

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the process can be carried out in the presence of an auxiliary alkaline compound.

Suitable alkaline compounds can comprise organic compounds which include, but are not limited to, pyridines such as 4-(dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP), amidines such 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and amines such as triethylamine and diisopropylethylamine, diamino-compounds such as 1,2-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N′-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine, preferably 1,2-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N′-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine.

Suitable alkaline compounds can comprise inorganic compounds which include, but are not limited to, carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate, or hydroxides such sodium hydroxy, preferably carbonates, in particular potassium carbonate.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the process can be carried out at an elevated temperature. An elevated temperature is a temperature from 23° C. (room temperature) to the boiling temperature of the organic solvent. That means that in case dimethyl acetamide with a boiling temperature or boiling point of 165° C. is used as organic solvent, the process can be preferably carried out at from 23° C. to 165° C. All temperatures as indicated herein and relating to boiling temperatures or boiling points relate to temperatures measured at normal pressure of 101 kPa.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the process can be carried out in a sealed vessel. In case the process is carried out in a sealed vessel, the reaction mixture can be heated to a temperature above the boiling temperature of the solvent, but preferably not more than 25° C. above the boiling temperature of the solvent.

In an embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof, the process can be preferably subjected to a mechanical movement such as stirring and/or microwave treatment.

Further, the invention provides a veterinary composition comprising the compound according to the invention and one or more physiologically acceptable excipient(s).

Veterinary compositions of the present invention and/or embodiments thereof comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention and/or embodiments thereof formulated together with one or more physiologically acceptable excipient(s).

Physiologically acceptable excipients are known in the art. For example, they are described in “Gennaro, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy” (20^(th) Edition, 2000). All such physiologically acceptable excipients must be substantially pharmaceutically or veterinary pure and non-toxic in the amounts employed and must be compatible with the active ingredients.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof the one or more physiologically acceptable excipient(s) is selected from carriers, binders, antioxidants, buffers, sugar components, surfactants, lubricants, stabilizers, flow agents, disintegration agents and preservatives and mixtures thereof.

As used herein, the term “carrier” means a non-toxic, inert, solid, semi-solid or liquid filler or diluent carrying/encapsulating material of any type. Some examples of materials that can serve as physiologically acceptable carriers are, but are not limited to, sugars such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; starches such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; powdered tragacanth; malt; gelatine; talc; excipients such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; esters such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate; agar.

A binder is a substance which is capable of making other substances stick together. The binder is a component that, in case binder is a polymer, preferably has a melting temperature or a glass transition temperature (T_(g)) in the range of 25 to 100° C., preferably 35 to 85° C., in particular 40 to 70° C. The glass transition temperature is the temperature at which a polymer becomes brittle as it cools down and soft as it heats up. This means that hydrophilic polymers become soft at temperatures above the glass transition temperature (T_(g)) and become plastically deformable without breaking. The glass transition temperature or melting point are determined via methods known by the skilled person.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof the binder is selected from polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol copolymer, microcrystalline wax, glycerol monostearate, hydrogenated castor oil, polyethylene glycol glycerol hydroxystearate, polysaccharides, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, poly(meth)acrylates, polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyacetate copolymer and mixtures thereof.

Antioxidants are substances that are used to inhibit oxidation. Antioxidants suitable to be comprised in the present soft chewable veterinary dosage form include, but are not limited to, ascorbic acid, glutathione, tocopherol and its esters, tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butyl hydroxy anisole (BHA also referred to as 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy anisole, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy anisole or a mixture thereof) and butyl hydroxy toluene (BHT also referred as 2,6-di tert-butyl 4-methyl phenol). It is preferred that the antioxidant is present in the conglomerate. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof antioxidants comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 0.001 to 1.00 weight %.

Buffers are substances to maintain/adjust the pH value of a product. Non-limiting examples of buffers are hydrogen carbonate salts, dihydrogen phosphate salts, hydrogen phosphate salts.

Sugar components are used to sweeten the taste of a product. They comprise natural sugars (carbohydrates) as well as sugar substitutes. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof buffers comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 1 to weight %.

Surfactants can be regarded as substances lowering the interfacial tension between two phases. Common surfactants are alkylsulfates (for example sodium lauryl sulfate), alkyl trimethyl ammonium salts, alcohol ethoxylates and the like. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof surfactants comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 0.1 to 10.0 weight %.

Lubricants generally can be regarded as substances which are suitable to reduce friction, such as static friction, sliding friction and rolling friction. The lubricant is preferably a stearate or fatty acid, more preferably an earth alkali metal stearate, such as magnesium stearate. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof lubricants comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 0.1 to 10.0 weight %.

A stabiliser is a physiologically acceptable excipient which helps to preserve the product. Examples include, but are not limited to, alginates, carrageen, gelatine, pectin and natural gums. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof surfactants comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 0.01 to 3.0 weight %.

Flow agents, also referred to as glidants, can be used to improve the flowability. Traditionally, talc was used as glidant but is nowadays nearly fully replaced by colloidal silica. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof flow agents comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 1 to 3 weight %.

Disintegration agents, also referred to as disintegrants, are compounds which enhance the ability of the dosage form, preferably the ability of the tablet, when in contact with a liquid, preferably water, to break into smaller fragments. Non-limiting examples of disintegration agents include sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium starch glycolate, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethyl glycolate, preferably sodium starch glycolate. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof surfactants comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 1.0 to 7.0 weight %.

Preservatives are substances that can be added to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. Non-limiting examples include lactic acid, benzoic acid benzoates and hydroxybenzoates. In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof surfactants comprised in the veterinary dosage form may be in the range of 0.01 to 1.0 weight %.

The compounds according to this invention may be administered in various dosage forms. The term “dosage form” means that the compounds according to this invention are formulated into a product suitable for administering to the animal via the envisaged dosage route. Such dosage forms are sometimes referred to herein as Formulations or pharmaceutical compositions.

The pharmaceutical compositions of this invention and/or embodiments thereof can be administered to animals orally, rectally, intravaginally, parenterally, topically, buccally or nasally.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof dosage forms useful for oral administration can be liquid or solid dosage forms.

Liquid dosage forms of the compounds are generally solutions, suspensions or emulsions. A solution is a mixture of two or more components that form a single phase that is homogeneous down to the molecular level. A suspension consists of insoluble solid particles dispersed in a liquid medium, with the solid particles accounting for about 0.5% to about 30% of the suspension. The liquid may be aqueous, oily or both. An emulsion is a heterogeneous dispersion of one immiscible liquid in another; it relies on an emulsifying agent for stability. A dry powder (or granule) for reconstitution is mixed and reconstituted with a diluent (e.g. water) as a solution, or as a suspension immediately prior to injection. The principal advantage of this dosage form is that it overcomes the problem of instability in solution or suspension.

Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, micro-emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, drench, in-feed or drinking water formulations and elixirs. A drench is a liquid oral Formulation that is administered directly into the mouth/throat of an animal, especially a dog, by means of a “drench gun” or syringe or another suitable device. When the composition is administered in the animal recipient's drinking water or as a drench, it may be convenient to use a solution or suspension Formulation. This Formulation can, for example, be a concentrated suspension that is mixed with water or a dry preparation that is mixed and suspended in the water. In addition to the active compounds, the liquid dosage forms may contain inert diluents commonly used in the art such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dimethylformamide, oils (in particular cottonseed, groundnut, corn, germ, olive castor, and sesame oils), glycerol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters of sorbitane and mixtures thereof. Besides inert diluents, the oral compositions can also include adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening, flavouring and perfuming agents.

Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, dragées, pills, powders and granules, chewable treats, premixes and medicated blocks. In such solid dosage forms, the active compound is mixed with at least one inert, pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate and/or a) fillers or extenders such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and silicic acid; b) binders such as, for example, carboxymethyl-cellulose, alginates, gelatine, polyvinyl pyrrolidinone, sucrose, and acacia; c) humectants such as glycerol; d) disintegrating agents such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain silicates and sodium carbonate; e) solution retarding agents such as paraffin; f) absorption accelerators such as quaternary ammonium compounds; g) wetting agents such as, for example, acetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate; h) absorbents such as kaolin and bentonite clay and i) lubricants such as talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylene glycols, sodium lauryl sulfate and mixtures thereof. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the dosage form may also comprise buffering agents.

The active compounds can also be in micro-encapsulated form with one or more excipients as noted above. The solid dosage forms of tablets, dragées, capsules, pills and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical formulating art such as enteric coatings, release-controlling coatings and other coatings. In such solid dosage forms the active compound may be admixed with at least one inert diluent such as sucrose, lactose or starch. Such dosage forms may also comprise, as is normal practice, additional substances other than inert diluents, e.g. tableting lubricants and other tableting aids such a magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents. They may optionally contain opacifying agents and can also be of a composition that they release the active ingredient (s) only, or preferentially, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding compositions include polymeric substances and waxes.

Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard gelatine capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as well as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like.

Solid oral formulations are either administered directly to an animal (tablet, capsule) or mixed with the feed or via medicated feed blocks.

When the oral formulation is administered via a non-human animal's feed, it may, for example, be fed as a discrete feed or as a chewable treat. Alternatively (or additionally), it may for example be intimately dispersed in the animal recipient's regular feed, used as a top dressing or in the form of solid pellets, paste or liquid that is added to the finished feed. When the oral formulation is administered as a feed additive, it may be convenient to prepare a “premix” in which the oral Formulation is dispersed in a small amount of a liquid or solid carrier. This “premix” is, in turn, dispersed in the animal's regular feed using for example a conventional mixer.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof dosage forms useful for rectal and vaginal administration can be regarded as semi solid dosage forms.

Compositions for rectal or vaginal administration can be prepared by mixing the compounds of this invention with suitable non-irritating excipients or carriers such as cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax which are solid at ambient temperature but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof the dosage forms are useful for parenteral administrations. One dosage route (administration route) is the parenteral, especially injection administration (e.g. subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection etc.). Parenteral Formulations and delivery systems for non-oral routes comprise liquids (e.g. solutions, suspensions, emulsions and dry powders for reconstitution), semi-solids and solids (e.g. implants). The majority of implants that are used in veterinary medicine are compressed tablets or dispersed matrix systems in which the drug is uniformly dispersed within a nondegradable polymer or alternatively extrusion products. In one embodiment the compounds of the current invention are administered subcutaneously.

Injectable Formulations, for example sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions, may be formulated according to the known art using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents. The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution, suspension or emulsion in a nontoxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1,3-butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution, and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose, any bland fixed oil can be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid are used in the preparation of injectables.

The injectable Formulations can be sterilized, for example by filtration through a bacterial-retaining filter, or by incorporating sterilizing agents in the form of sterile solid compositions that can be dissolved or dispersed in sterile water or other sterile injectable medium prior to use.

In order to prolong the effect of a drug, it is often desirable to slow the absorption of the drug from subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. This may be accomplished by the use of a liquid suspension of crystalline or amorphous material with poor water solubility. The rate of absorption of the drug then depends on its rate of dissolution that, in turn, may depend on crystal size and crystalline form. Alternatively, delayed absorption of a parenterally administered drug form may be accomplished by dissolving or suspending the drug in an oil vehicle. Injectable depot forms are made by forming microencapsulation matrices of the drug in biodegradable polymers such as polylactide-polyglycolide. Depending on the ratio of drug to polymer and the nature of the particular polymer employed, the rate of drug release can be controlled. Examples of other biodegradable polymers include poly(orthoesters) and poly(anhydrides). Depot injectable Formulations may also be prepared by entrapping the drug in liposomes or microemulsions that are compatible with body tissues.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof dosage forms useful for topical administration (also referred to as transdermal administration) of a compound of this invention include ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, powders, solutions, sprays, inhalants or patches. The active component is admixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and any needed preservatives or buffers as may be required. Ophthalmic Formulations, ear drops and the like are also contemplated as being within the scope of this invention.

The ointments, pastes, creams and gels may contain, in addition to an active compound of this invention, excipients such as animal and vegetable fats, oils, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicones, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide or mixtures thereof.

Compounds of the invention may also be formulated for use as topical powders and sprays that can contain, in addition to the compounds of this invention, excipients such as lactose, talc, silicic acid, aluminium hydroxide, calcium silicates and polyamide powder or mixtures of these substances.

Sprays can additionally contain customary propellants such as chlorofluorohydrocarbons.

Transdermal patches have the added advantage of providing controlled delivery of a compound to the body. Such dosage forms can be made by dissolving or dispensing the compound in the proper medium. Absorption enhancers can also be used to increase the flux of the compound across the skin.

The rate can be controlled by either providing a rate controlling membrane or by dispersing the compound in a polymer matrix or gel.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof dosage forms useful for buccal administration of a compound of this invention include orally disintegrating tablets (ODT), films, sublingual drops, lozenges, effervescent buccal tablets, toothpaste and mouthwash.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention and/or embodiments thereof dosage forms useful for nasal administration of a compound of this invention include liquid aerosols or inhalable dry powders. Liquid aerosol Formulations may be nebulized predominantly into particle sizes that can be delivered to the terminal and respiratory bronchioles.

Liquid aerosol and inhalable dry powder Formulations are preferably delivered throughout the endobronchial tree to the terminal bronchioles and eventually to the parenchymal tissue.

Aerosolized Formulations of the invention may be delivered using an aerosol forming device, such as a jet, vibrating porous plate or ultrasonic nebulizer, preferably selected to allow the formation of aerosol particles having a mass medium average diameter predominantly between 1 to 5 pm.

Further, the Formulation preferably has a balanced osmolarity ionic strength and chloride concentration and the smallest aerosolizable volume able to deliver an effective dose of the compounds of the invention to the site of the infection. Additionally, the aerosolized formulation preferably does not impair negatively the functionality of the airways and does not cause undesirable side effects.

Aerosolization devices suitable for the administration of aerosol Formulations of the invention include for example jet, vibrating porous plate, ultrasonic nebulizers and energized dry powder inhalers that are able to nebulize the Formulation of the invention into aerosol particle size predominantly in the size range of 1-5 pm. Predominantly in this application means that at least 70% but preferably more than 90% of all generated aerosol particles are in the 1 to 5 pm range. A jet nebulizer works by air pressure to break a liquid solution into aerosol droplets. Vibrating porous plate nebulizers work by using a sonic vacuum produced by a rapidly vibrating porous plate to extrude a solvent droplet through a porous plate. An ultrasonic nebulizer works by a piezoelectric crystal that shears a liquid into small aerosol droplets.

The concentration of the compounds according to this invention in the applied dosage form may vary widely depending on for example the dosage route. In general, the concentration of the present compound or embodiments thereof in the Formulation according to the present invention or embodiments thereof is from 1 to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation. In some embodiments the concentration is from 1 to 50% by weight, or from 10 to 50% by weight. In other embodiments, the concentration is from 35 to 65% by weight, from 40 to 60% by weight, from 45 to 55% by weight, or about 50% by weight.

Preferred concentrations of the compound according to the present invention or embodiments thereof dissolved in drinking water are from 0.01 to 0.05% weight by volume, particularly 0.01 to 0.025%, and in-feed from 100 to 400 ppm (g/metric ton), particularly 100 to 200 ppm.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof the veterinary compositions of the present invention and/or embodiments thereof comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention and/or embodiments thereof as the single active agent.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof the veterinary compositions of the present invention and/or embodiments thereof comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention and/or embodiments thereof in combination with one or more other known active agents. These one or more other known active agent(s) may be of a similar spectrum as the present compound to synergistically enhance treatment of the infections covered by the spectrum of the present compound. Alternatively, these one or more other known active agent(s) may be of a different spectrum as the present compound, when multiple organisms are suspected in which another agent of a different spectrum may be required in addition to the present compound. The treatment can involve administering a composition having the present compound and one or more further known active agent(s) or administration of the inventive compounds followed by or preceded by administration of one or more additional active agent.

Further aspects regarding the Formulation of drugs and various excipients are found in for example Gennaro, A. R., et al., eds., Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 20^(th) Ed., 2000). Moreover, methods of Formulation are well known in the art and are disclosed for example in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 19^(th) Edition (1995).

As indicated above, the compound according to invention can be considered as an “active” agent, which is regarded as a substance that will inhibit the growth of helminths such as Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis. The term “inhibiting the growth” indicates that the rate of increase in the numbers of a population of a helminth is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment the compounds according to this invention are used to treat a helminth infection, such as an infection caused by one or more helminths selected from the group consisting of a) cestodes: e.g. Anaplocephala spp.; Dipylidium spp.; Diphyllobothrium spp.; Echinococcus spp.; Moniezia spp.; Taenia spp.; b) trematodes e.g. Dicrocoelium spp.; Fasciola spp.; Paramphistomum spp.; Schistosoma spp.; or c) nematodes, e.g. Acanthocheilonema spp.; Ancylostoma spp.; Anecator spp.; Ascaridia spp.; Ascaris spp.; Brugia spp.; Bunostomum spp.; Capillaria spp.; Chabertia spp.; Cooperia spp.; Cyathostomum spp.; Cylicocyclus spp.; Cylicodontophorus spp.; Cylicostephanus spp.; Craterostomum spp.; Dictyocaulus spp.; Dipetalonema spp; Dirofilaria spp.; Dracunculus spp.; Enterobius spp.; Filaroides spp.; Habronema spp.; Haemonchus spp.; Heterakis spp.; Hyostrongylus spp.; Metastrongylus spp.; Meullerius spp. Necator spp.; Nematodirus spp.; Nippostrongylus spp.; Oesophagostomum spp.; Onchocerca spp.; Oncocercidae spp; Ostertagia spp.; Oxyuris spp.; Parascaris spp.; Stephanurus spp.; Strongylus spp.; Syngamus spp.; Toxocara spp.; Strongyloides spp.; Teladorsagia spp.; Toxascaris spp.; Trichinella spp.; Trichuris spp.; Trichostrongylus spp.; Triodontophorous spp.; Uncinaria spp., and/or Wuchereria spp.; preferably nematodes; in particular Dirofilaria spp.; Haemonchus spp.; Ascaridia spp; Strongylus spp; especially Dirofilaria immitis.

It is understood that the term “treating” or “treatment” used herein includes prophylactic, metaphylactic and therapeutic treatment or curative treatment. Prophylactic or metaphylactic treatment, i.e. deworming, is commonly used to prevent helminth infection so to control parasitic infections in animals. In addition, helminths can infect humans and therefore pose a threat to human health as well. Prophylactic treatments comprise treatments which are done at regular intervals such as 1-6 times per year, or 2-4 times per year or 1-4 per month, or even continuous such as via the drinking water. Metaphylactic treatment comprise treatment of all animal e.g. in the same area, when a number of animals is diagnosed to prevent the spread of the parasite to the other animals. Metaphylactic and prophylactic treatment may also occur seasonal, e.g. when the vector is especially active.

In therapeutic or curative treatment the compounds are administered after clinical diagnosis. In this method, there is reduced expenses for anthelmintics, possibility of selection for resistance is significantly reduced if only some animals are treated and this will ensure the presence of a susceptible parasite population within the herd or flock, but its disadvantage is that, it requires regular monitoring which increases labour input.

The present invention provides the compounds according to the invention or the veterinary composition according to the present invention for use as a medicament. In a preferred embodiment the compounds according to the invention or the veterinary composition according to the present invention are suitable for use as a medicament for the treatment of helminth infection such filariasis and in particular heartworm disease.

The compounds according to the present invention or the veterinary composition according to the present invention are used to make a medicament. In a preferred embodiment the compounds according to the present invention or the veterinary composition according to the present invention are used to make a medicament for the treatment of helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease.

Further, the invention provides the use of the compound according to the present invention or the veterinary composition according to the present invention for the manufacture of a medicament.

Further, the invention provides the use of the compounds of the present invention or the veterinary composition according to the present invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of helminth infection such filariasis and in particular heartworm disease. Preferably, the compounds of the present invention or the veterinary composition according to the present invention are used for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease.

Moreover, the present invention provides the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, preferably by one or more helminths selected from the group consisting of a) cestodes: e.g. Anaplocephala spp.; Dipylidium spp.; Diphyllobothrium spp.; Echinococcus spp.; Moniezia spp.; Taenia spp.; b) trematodes e.g. Dicrocoelium spp.; Fasciola spp.; Paramphistomum spp.; Schistosoma spp.; or c) nematodes, e.g. Acanthocheilonema spp.; Ancylostoma spp.; Anecator spp.; Ascaridia spp.; Ascaris spp.; Brugia spp.; Bunostomum spp.; Capillaria spp.; Chabertia spp.; Cooperia spp.; Cyathostomum spp.; Cylicocyclus spp.; Cylicodontophorus spp.; Cylicostephanus spp.; Craterostomum spp.; Dictyocaulus spp.; Dipetalonema spp; Dirofilaria spp.; Dracunculus spp.; Enterobius spp.; Filaroides spp.; Habronema spp.; Haemonchus spp.; Heterakis spp.; Hyostrongylus spp.; Metastrongylus spp.; Meullerius spp. Necator spp.; Nematodirus spp.; Nippostrongylus spp.; Oesophagostomum spp.; Onchocerca spp.; Oncocercidae spp; Ostertagia spp.; Oxyuris spp.; Parascaris spp.; Stephanurus spp.; Strongylus spp.; Syngamus spp.; Toxocara spp.; Strongyloides spp.; Teladorsagia spp.; Toxascaris spp.; Trichinella spp.; Trichuris spp.; Trichostrongylus spp.; Triodontophorous spp.; Uncinaria spp., and/or Wuchereria spp.; more preferably nematodes, in particular Dirofilaria spp.; Haemonchus spp.; Ascaridia spp; Strongylus spp and Oesophagostomum dentatum, especially Dirofilaria immitis.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Dirofilaria spp., more in particular Dirofilaria repens or Dirofilaria immitis.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of haemonchosis. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Haemonchus spp. and in particular Haemonchus placei and Haemonchus contortus.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of ascaridiasis. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Ascaridia galli. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of oesophagostomiasis. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Oesophagostomum spp. and in particular Oesophagostomum venulosum and Oesophagostomum dentalum.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of Trichostrongylus infection. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Trichostrongylus spp. and in particular Trichostrongylus axei and Trichostrongylus colubriformis.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of Ostertagiosis. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Ostertagia spp. and in particular Ostertagia ostertagi.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of Cooperia infection. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Cooperia spp. and in particular Cooperia oncophora.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of Nematodiriasis. In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof, the compounds according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention are for use in the treatment of disorders/diseases caused by helminths, wherein the helminths are Nematodirus spp. and in particular Nematodirus helvetianus, Nematodirus spathiger.

It is contemplated that the compounds according to this invention and compounds corresponding to the use according to the invention may be used to treat animals, including humans and non-human animals, especially non-human mammals. Such non-human mammals include, for example, livestock mammals (e.g., swine, livestock ruminants like bovines, sheep, goats, etc.), laboratory mammals (e.g., mice, rats, birds, etc.), companion mammals (e.g., dogs, cats, equines, etc.), and wild and zoo mammals (e.g., buffalo, deer, etc.). It is contemplated that the compounds also are suitable to treat non-mammals, such as poultry (e.g., turkeys, chickens, ducks, etc.) and fish (e.g., salmon, trout, koi, etc.).

In the following the use of the compounds as disclosed and covered by the general structures disclosed in this application for use in the treatment of helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease, especially if associated with Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis, is sometimes referred to as “use according to the invention”.

It has been shown by the inventors that the compounds of the current invention as disclosed and defined earlier are especially suitable for the treatment of helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease, especially in dogs.

The compounds according to the present invention or the veterinary composition according to present invention are administered to treat or prevent disorders/diseases caused by one or more helminths selected from the group consisting of a) cestodes: e.g. Acanthocheilonema spp.; Anaplocephala spp.; Dipylidium spp.; Diphyllobothrium spp.; Echinococcus spp.; Moniezia spp.; Taenia spp.; b) trematodes e.g. Dicrocoelium spp.; Fasciola spp.; Paramphistomum spp.; Schistosoma spp.; or c) nematodes, e.g. Ancylostoma spp.; Anecator spp.; Ascaridia spp.; Ascaris spp.; Brugia spp.; Bunostomum spp.; Capillaria spp.; Chabertia spp.; Cooperia spp.; Cyathostomum spp.; Cylicocyclus spp.; Cylicodontophorus spp.; Cylicostephanus spp.; Craterostomum spp.; Dictyocaulus spp.; Dipetalonema spp; Dirofilaria spp.; Dracunculus spp.; Enterobius spp.; Filaroides spp.; Habronema spp.; Haemonchus spp.; Heterakis spp.; Hyostrongylus spp.; Metastrongylus spp.; Meullerius spp. Necator spp.; Nematodirus spp.; Nippostrongylus spp.; Oesophagostomum spp.; Onchocerca spp.; Oncocercidae spp; Ostertagia spp.; Oxyuris spp.; Parascaris spp.; Stephanurus spp.; Strongylus spp.; Syngamus spp.; Toxocara spp.; Strongyloides spp.; Teladorsagia spp.; Toxascaris spp.; Trichinella spp.; Trichuris spp.; Trichostrongylus spp.; Triodontophorous spp.; Uncinaria spp., and/or Wuchereria spp.; more preferably nematodes, in particular Dirofilaria spp.; Haemonchus spp.; Ascaridia spp; Strongylus spp and Oesophagostomum dentatum, especially Dirofilaria immitis.

In particular, the compounds according to the present invention or the veterinary composition according to present invention are administered to treat or prevent disorders/diseases caused by one or more helminths selected from the group consisting of a) Cestodes such as Monezia expansa; b) Trematodes such as Fasciola hepatica, Fascioloides magna, Dicrocoelium dentriticum, Paramphistomum cervi; and c) nematodes: Ostertagia ostertagi, Cooperia oncophora, Cooperia punctata, Trichostrongylus axei, Haemonchus placei, Haemonchus contortus, Nematodirus helvetianus, Nematodirus spathiger, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Trichostrongylus circumcincta, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Chabertia ovina, Dictyocaulus viviparous, Dictyocaulus filaria, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens.

More preferably, compounds according to the present invention or the veterinary composition according to present invention are administered to treat or prevent helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease.

The term “treatment” as used herein refers to reversing, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of a disease, disorder or condition. In case of an helminth infection, this means that the clinical symptoms (reduced function of lung, heart, liver and/or kidney) are alleviated.

Thus, the invention provides a method of treating a disease caused by helminths which comprises administering to an animal, in particular a dog, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention. In other words, the invention provides a method of treating helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to the invention or the composition according to the present invention to a mammal, in particular a dog, in need thereof.

The invention is also directed to a method for treating an animal with diseases caused by a helminth comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound according to the present invention or a composition according to the present invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein the helminth, such as a nematode is at least one selected from the group of Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis. Suitably the subject is a mammal, in particular a dog or a cat, especially a dog.

The invention is also directed to a method for treating a mammal, preferably a dog, suffering from a disease caused by a helminth, in particular a nematode, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound according the present invention or the composition according to the present invention and/or embodiments thereof, wherein the nematode is at least one selected from the group of Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis.

In a preferred embodiment the compounds according to this invention are used to treat a disease caused by helminths such as nematodes in an animal, wherein the nematode is at least one of helminths such as Dirofilaria, in particular Dirofilaria immitis, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound according to the invention to the animal in need thereof.

According to the treatment by the compounds of the present invention and/or embodiments thereof, diseases caused by helminths, in particular nematodes, especially Dirofilaria, more especially Dirofilaria immitis, are treated or prevented in a mammal, in particular a dog, by administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention in such amounts and for such time as is necessary to achieve the desired result.

A “therapeutically effective amount” of a compound of the invention and/or embodiments thereof means a sufficient amount of the compound according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention for treating helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease, at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio applicable to any medical treatment. It will be understood, however, that the total daily usage of a compound according to the invention and a composition according to present invention will be decided by the attending physician or veterinary doctor within the scope of sound medical judgment. The specific therapeutically effective dose level for any particular animal will depend on a variety of factors including the disorder being treated and the severity of the disorder; the activity of the specific compound employed; the specific composition employed; the age, body weight, general health, sex and diet of the animal; the time of administration, route of administration, and rate of excretion of the specific compound employed; the duration of the treatment; drugs used in combination or coincidental with the specific compound employed; and like factors well known in the medical arts.

When the compound according to this invention is administered orally or parenterally by subcutaneous injection, the total dose is preferably greater than about 0.001 mg/kg (i.e. 0.001 milligram of the compound according to this invention per kilogram body weight of the treated animal). In some such embodiments, the total dose is from about 0.001 to about 200 mg/kg, from about 0.01 to about 20 mg/kg, from about 0.1 to about 10 mg/kg or from about 1 to about 20 mg/kg. The same dose range may be suitable for other dosage routes. The desired dose, however, may be less in some instances where the compound according to this invention is administered intravenously.

The dose used to control diseases caused by Dirofilaria immitis might vary with the compound, the severity of the disease and the age, weight, and condition of the animal, in particular the dog. The total dose required for several days' protection will generally, however, be in the range of from about 0.1 to about 200 mg/kg bodyweight, and preferably will be in the range of from about 1 to about 100 mg/kg. Protection for up to about seven days can be provided by a single injection; the length of protection will depend on the dose given. The total dose can also be divided into smaller doses given at intervals, such as once daily for two to seven days. Obviously, other suitable dosage regimens can be constructed.

Especially preferred is the use of the compounds according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention in dogs. The compounds according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention can be used in animals of different weight, including animals of a weight higher than 35 kg.

Other exemplary animals that can be treated with the compounds according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention are smaller pets such as cats. In one embodiment the compounds according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention are used to treat diseases such as severe lung disease, heart failure and damage to other inner organs caused by Dirofilaria, more especially Dirofilaria immitis.

In one embodiment, the animal that is treated is a dog and the disease that is treated is helminth infection such as filariasis and in particular heartworm disease.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention or embodiments thereof a single administration of a composition according to this invention is sufficient to treat a disease caused by nematode, in particular Dirofilaria immitis, or at least to diminish the clinical symptoms in the diseased animal. This can be called “one shot” administration. Although the administration of such a “one shot” single dose is very suitable, it is contemplated that multiple doses can be used, e.g. two administrations 12-24 hours apart or alternatively two administrations 48-72 hours apart.

Protection is preferably for at least 7 days, more preferably for at least 10 days, more preferably for at least 2 weeks, more preferably for at least 3 weeks, more preferably for at least 4 weeks. The protection is for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 weeks or more. Preferably the protection is for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 months or more.

Factors affecting the preferred dosage may include for example the disease to be treated, the type (e.g. species and breed), age, size, sex, diet, activity and condition of the of the diseased animal, the dosage route, pharmacological considerations such as the activity, efficacy, pharmacokinetic, and toxicology profiles of the particular compound according to the present invention and the composition administered and whether the compound according to the present invention is administered as part of a combination of active ingredients. Thus, the preferred amount of the compound according to this invention can vary and can therefore deviate from the typical dosages set forth above. Determining such dosage adjustments is generally within the skill of those in the art. The effective dosage will vary; for example, for prophylactic treatment relatively low doses would be administered over an extended time. The Formulation type selected for a dosage form in any instance will depend on the particular purpose envisaged and the physical, chemical and biological properties of the compound according to this invention.

The veterinary compositions, the uses as medicament and uses in the treatment of diseases caused by helminths, in particular nematodes, especially Dirofilaria immitis, and methods according to the present invention encompass methods wherein a compound according to this invention is the sole active ingredient administered to the recipient animal. It is contemplated, however, that the veterinary compositions, the uses as medicament and uses in the treatment of diseases caused by helminths such as nematodes, in particular Dirofilaria immitis, and methods according to the present invention also encompass combination therapies wherein a compound is administered in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically acceptable active ingredients. The other active ingredient(s) may be, for example, one or more other compounds according to this invention. Alternatively (or additionally), the other active ingredient(s) may be one or more pharmaceutically acceptable compounds that are not compounds according to this invention. The other active ingredient(s) may target the same and/or different diseases or conditions.

Contemplated active ingredient(s) that may be administered in combination with the compounds according to the present invention include, for example, antibacterials, anti-inflammatories, pharmaceutically acceptable anthelmintics, insecticides and acaricides, insect growth regulators, hormones, immunostimulants, dermatological preparations (e.g. antiseptics and disinfectants) and immunobiologicals (e.g. vaccines and antisera) for disease prevention.

Particular combinations comprise a) one or more compounds according to this invention with b) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable active compounds which differ in structure from component a). The active compounds b) are preferably anthelmintic compounds, more preferably selected from the group consisting of avermectins (e.g., ivermectin, selamectin, doramectin, abamectin, emamectin and eprinomectin); milbemycins (moxidectin and milbemycin oxime); pro-benzimidazoles (e.g., febantel, netobimin, and thiophanate); benzimidazole derivatives, such as a thiazole benzimidazole derivative (e.g., thiabendazole and cambendazole) or a carbamate benzimidazole derivatives (e.g., fenbendazole, albendazole (oxide), mebendazole, oxfendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole, flubendazole, and triclabendazole); an imidazothiazole (e.g., levamisole and tetramisole); a tetrahydropyrimidine (morantel and pyrantel), organophosphates (e.g., trichlorphon, haloxon, dichlorvos, and naphthalophos); salicylanilides (e.g., closantel, oxyclozanide, rafoxanide, and niclosamide); nitrophenolic compounds (e.g., nitroxynil and nitroscanate); benzenedisulphonamides (e.g., clorsulon); pyrazineisoquinolines (e.g., praziquantel and epsiprantel); heterocyclic compounds (e.g., piperazine, diethylcarbamazine, dichlorophen, and phenothiazine); arsenicals (e.g., thiacetarsamide, melorsamine, and arsenamide); cyclooctadepsipeptides (e.g., emodepside, PF1022A); paraherquamides (e.g., derquantel, paraherquanide); and amino-acetonitrile compounds (e.g. monepantel, AAD 1566); tribendimidine (amidine compound); amidine compounds (e.g., amidantel and tribendimidin), including all pharmaceutically acceptable forms, such as salts, solvates or N-oxides.

The compounds as described in this specification can be combined with pharmaceutically acceptable insecticides or acaricides. Such pharmaceutically acceptable insecticides and acaricides include, for example, acetamiprid, acetoprole, amitraz, amidoflumet, avermectin, azadirachtin, bifenthrin, bifenazate, broflanilide, buprofezin, bistrifluron, chlorfenapyr, chlorfluazuron, chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, chromafenozide, clothianidin, cyantraniliprole, cyflumetofen, 13-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, Acyhalothrin, cymiazole cypermethrin, cyromazine, deltamethrin, demiditraz, diafenthiuron, diazinon, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dinotefuran, emamectin, esfenvalerate, ethiprole, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fipronil, flonicamid, flubendiamide, flucythrinate, tau-fluvalinate, flufenoxuron, halofenozide, hexaflumuron, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, lufenuron, metaflumizone, methoprene, metofluthrin, methoxyfenozide, nitenpyram, novaluron, noviflumuron, permethrin, phosmet, profluthrin, protrifenbute, pymetrozine, pyrafluprole, pyrethrin, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, rotenone, ryanodine, sisapronil, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, sulfoxaflor, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethylfluthrin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, tigolaner, tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, and triflumuron. General references discussing antiparasitic agents, such as insecticides and acaricides, include, for example, The Pesticide Manual, 18th Edition, J. A. Turner, Ed., British Crop Protection Council Publications, U.K. (2018).

The compounds as described in this specification can be combined with pharmaceutically acceptable insect growth regulators. Such pharmaceutically acceptable insect growth regulators include, for example, methoprene, pyriproxyfen, tetrahydroazadirachtin, chlorfluazuron, cyromazine, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, ifenuron, tebufenozide, and triflumuron. These compounds tend to provide both initial and sustained treatment of parasite infections at all stages of insect development, including eggs, on the animal subject, as well as within the environment of the animal subject.

The compounds as described in this specification can be combined with pharmaceutically acceptable anti-protozoals. Such pharmaceutically acceptable anti-protozoals include, for example, triazintriones like, for example, toltrazuril and ponazuril and triazindiones such as clazuril, diclazuril and letrazuril. In some contemplated embodiments, the compounds are administered with dihydroazole compounds, such as, for example, compounds discussed in WO 2010/75591.

In some contemplated embodiments, the compounds of the present invention are administered with anthelminic proteins, such as, for example Bacillus thuringensis crystal proteins e.g. described in WO 2010/053517.

In some contemplated embodiments, the compounds are administered with pyridylmethylamine derivatives, such as, for example, pyridylmethylamine derivatives discussed in EP0539588 WO 2007/115643.

In some contemplated embodiments, the compounds is administered with nodulisporic acids and derivatives thereof, such as, for example, compounds discussed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,399,582; 5,945,317; 5,962,499; 5,834,260; 6,221,894; or U.S. Pat. No. 5,595,991; or WO 96/29073.

In some contemplated embodiments, the compounds are administered with isoxazoline compounds (e.g., sarolaner, fluralaner, lotilaner, afoxolaner, fluxametamide, isocycloseram) Other antiparasitic compounds contemplated to be useful in combination therapies with the compounds include, for example, imidazo[1,2-b] pyridazine compounds discussed in US 2005/0182059; 1-(4-Mono and dihalomethylsulphonylphenyl)-2-acylamino-3-fluoropropanol compounds discussed U.S. Pat. No. 7,361,689; trifluoromethanesulfonanilide oxime ether compounds discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,312,248; n-[(phenyloxy)phenyl]-1, 1, 1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide and n-[(phenylsulfanyl)phenyl]-1, 1, 1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide compounds discussed in US 2006/0281695; and 2-phenyl-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)acrylonitrile compounds discussed in US 2006/0128779; azole compounds discussed in WO 2017/192385, WO 2019/170626, WO 2019/197468, WO 2019/201835, WO 2019/206799, WO 2019/215198, WO 2020/053364, WO 2020/053365, WO 2020/070049, WO 2020/079198, WO 2020/094363, WO 2020/169445, WO 2020/193341, WO 2020/201079, WO 2020/201398, WO 2020/208036, WO 2020/212235, and WO 2020/219871.

Features of the invention have been described in embodiments in the present application; however, for brevity not all combinations of the features are literally described. Combinations of features as described above are, however, expressly considered to be part of the invention.

EXPERIMENTAL PART

Analytics—HPLC Methods

Method 1

Chromatographic System:

Column: YMC-Triart C18, 3×50 mm, 3 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (0.04%); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 90 10 1.9 5 95 2.7 5 95 2.75 90 10

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 2

Chromatographic System:

Column: YMC-Triart C18, 3×50 mm, 3 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (0.04%); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 70 30 3.5 5 95 4.8 5 95 4.9 90 10

Run time: 4.9 min+0.3 min equilibration time

Method 3

Chromatographic System:

Column: ACE Excel 3 SuperC18, 3×50 mm, 3 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄HCO₃ (5 mM); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 90 10 2.1 5 95 2.7 5 95 2.75 90 10

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 4

Chromatographic System:

Column: HALO C18, 3×30 mm, 2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/formic acid (0.1%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%)

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 90 10 1.2 5 95 1.8 5 95 1.82 90 10

Run time: 1.82 min+0.18 min equilibration time

Method 5

Chromatographic System:

Column: HALO C18, 3×30 mm, 2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/formic acid (0.1%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%)

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 70 30 2.5 5 95 2.8 5 95 2.81 95 5

Run time: 2.81 min+0.19 min equilibration time

Method 6

Chromatographic System:

Column: HALO C18, 3×30 mm, 2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/formic acid (0.1%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%)

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 1.2 0 100 1.8 0 100 1.82 95 5

Run time: 1.82 min+0.18 min equilibration time

Method 7

Chromatographic System:

Column: HALO C18, 3×30 mm, 2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/TFA (0.05%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/TFA (0.05%)

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 1.2 0 100 1.8 0 100 1.82 95 5

Run time: 1.82 min+0.18 min equilibration time

Method 8

Chromatographic System:

Column: HALO C18, 3×30 mm, 2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/TFA (0.05%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/TFA (0.05%)

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 2.5 5 95 2.8 5 95 2.81 95 5

Run time: 2.81 min+0.19 min equilibration time

Method 9

Chromatographic System:

Column: HALO C18, 3×30 mm, 2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/formic acid (0.1%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%)

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 2.1 5 95 2.75 5 95 2.81 95 5

Run time: 2.81 min+0.19 min equilibration time

Method 10

Chromatographic System:

Column: Shim-pack XR-ODS, 3×50 mm, 2.2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/TFA (0.05%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/TFA (0.05%)

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 2.0 0 100 2.7 0 100 2.75 95 5

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 11

Chromatographic System:

Column: Shim-pack XR-ODS, 3×50 mm, 2.2 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/TFA (0.05%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/TFA (0.05%)

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 70 30 3.2 0 100 4.8 0 100 4.9 95 5

Run time: 4.9 min+0.3 min equilibration time

Method 12

Chromatographic System:

Column: Exsil Mono 100 C18, 3×30 mm, 1.7 μm

Oven: 45° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/formic acid (0.1%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/formic acid (0.1%)

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 2.1 5 95 2.6 5 95 2.65 95 5

Run time: 2.65 min+0.45 min equilibration time

Method 13

Chromatographic System:

Column: Titank C18, 2.1×30 mm, 1.8 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (0.04%); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 0.8 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 90 10 2.0 5 95 2.8 5 95 2.81 90 10

Run time: 2.81 min+0.19 min equilibration time

Method 14

Chromatographic System:

Column: Kinetex EVO C18, 3×50 mm, 2.6 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄HCO₃ (5 mM); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 0.8 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 90 10 2.0 5 95 2.7 5 95 2.75 90 10

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 15

Chromatographic System:

Column: Kinetex EVO C18, 3×50 mm, 2.6 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (0.04%); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 70 30 1.9 5 95 2.7 5 95 2.75 90 10

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 16

Chromatographic System:

Column: Kinetex C18 100A, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/TFA (0.05%); Solvent B: acetonitrile/TFA (0.05%)

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 2.0 0 100 2.7 0 100 2.75 95 5

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 17

Chromatographic System:

Column: Poroshell HPH-C18, 3×50 mm, 2.7 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (5 mM); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 95 5 2.0 0 100 2.7 0 100 2.75 95 5

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 18

Chromatographic System:

Column: Poroshell HPH-C18, 3×50 mm, 2.7 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (0.04%); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 70 30 2.0 5 95 2.7 5 95 2.75 70 30

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

Method 19

Chromatographic System:

Column: L-column3 C18, 3×30 mm, 2.0 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (0.04%); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 90 10 1.2 5 95 1.8 5 95 1.82 90 10

Run time: 1.82 min+0.18 min equilibration time

Method 20

Chromatographic System:

Column: Agilent HPH, 3×50 mm, 2.7 μm

Oven: 40° C.

Eluents: Solvent A: water/NH₄OH (0.04%); Solvent B: acetonitrile

Flow: 1.2 ml/min

Gradient:

Time [min] Solvent A [%] Solvent B [%] 0.0 90 10 1.9 5 95 2.7 5 95 2.75 90 10

Run time: 2.75 min+0.25 min equilibration time

General Synthetic Procedures

The compounds of Formula (I) can be synthesized as shown in Scheme 1 below:

An azaindole-3-carboxylic acid 1-II that is substituted in the 4-position by a halogen is acylated with an amine 1-IV to obtain the amide compound 1-V. I-IV can be a primary amine (R²⁵=H) or a secondary amine (R²⁵=alkyl), in the latter case R²⁵ can be introduced by reductive animation of the primary amine 1-III. Acylation can be done by activation of 1-II via formation of an acid chloride using oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride, or by the use of coupling reagents that are described in, e.g. Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 6557-6602. The azaindole-3-carboxylic acids 1-II are either commercially available or can be prepared from the azaindole compound 1-I as described in Chem. Pharm Bull. 2015, 63, 341-353 The indole compound 1-I is commercially available or can be obtained as described in Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2012, 22, 5222-5226 or in WO2017106607. Nucleophilic displacement of the halogen in 4-position of 1-V in the presence of base leads to 1-V1II This displacement is especially suitable if R⁷ is an alkylamino-, alkoxy-or alkylthiosubstituent or the like. In the case of R⁷ being an alkyl or alkenyl substituent, a palladium catalyzed coupling with an alkylboronic acid 1-VII is preferred as described in ChemMedChem, 2014,9(4), 719-723. An Ullmann-type coupling with an aryl or heteroarylhalide 1-IX, typically in the presence of a copper salt, as described in, for example, WO2002085838, yields 1-X.

Alternatively, the compounds of Formula (I) can be synthesized as shown in Scheme 2 below:

An azaindole-3-carboxylic ester 2-II that is substituted in the 4-position by a halogen is reacted with a nucleophile 2-III to obtain 2V in the presence of optional base. This displacement is especially suitable if R⁷ is an alkylamino-, alkoxy- or alkylthiosubstituent or the like. In the case of R⁷ being an alkyl or alkenyl substituent, a palladium catalyzed coupling with an alkylboronic acid 2-IV is preferred as described in ChemMedChem, 2014, 9(4), 719-723 Hydrolysis of the ester with aqueous base leads to the carboxylic acid 2-VI that is reacted with the amine 2-VIII to give the amide compound 2-IX 2-VIII can be a primary amine (R²⁵=H) or a secondary amine (R²⁵=alkyl), in the latter case R²⁵ can be introduced by reductive amination of the primary amine 2-VII. Acylation of 2-VIII can be done by activation of 2-VI via formation of an acid chloride using oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride, or by the use of coupling reagents that are described in, e.g. Chem. Rev. 2011, 111,6557-6602. An Ullmann-type coupling with an aryl or heteroaryl halide 2-X, typically in the presence of a copper salt, as described in, for example, WO2002085838, yields 2-XI.

Synthetic Procedures—Specific Compounds Synthesis of (S)-1-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (example 14)

1. (S)-4-chloro-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

To a solution of 4-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (300 mg, 1.526 mmol) in dimethylformamide (3 mL) was added 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (272 mg, 1.679 mmol) with stirring at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-amine (449 mg, 3.05 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 60° C. and diluted with ethyl acetate. The product was collected by filtration. This resulted in 250 mg (45.3%) of a white solid.

2. (S)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

In the vessel of a microwave reactor, to a solution of (S)-4-chloro-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (120 mg, 0.368 mmol) in n-butyl alcohol (2 mL) was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (166 mg, 3.68 mmol) and dimethylamine hydrochloride (476 mg, 3.68 mmol) sequentially at room temperature. The vessel was sealed and then reacted at 150° C. for 1 h under microwave irradiation. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse-phase flash chromatography (C18 silica gel; mobile phase, water (containing 0.04% ammonium bicarbonate) and acetonitrile (5% acetonitrile up to 70% in 20 min). This resulted in 100 mg (73%) of a white solid.

3. (S)-1-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

In the vessel of a microwave reactor, to a solution of (S)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (110 mg, 0.329 mmol) in N,N-dimethyl acetamide (2 mL) was added 1,2-dichloro-3-iodobenzene (359 mg, 1.316 mmol), copper (I) iodide (31.3 mg, 0.164 mmol) and potassium carbonate (227 mg, 1.654 mmol) in sequence at room temperature. The vessel was sealed and then reacted at 180° C. for 3 h under microwave irradiation. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature and then diluted with 30 mL of dichloromethane and washed with 2×5 mL of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and 1×5 mL of saturated aqueous sodium chloride respectively. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse-phase chromatography (C18 silica gel; mobile phase, water (containing 0.04% ammonium bicarbonate) and acetonitrile (10% acetonitrile up to 70% in 20 min)). This resulted in 34.2 mg (16%) of a white solid.

Synthesis of 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (example 1)

1. 4-Chloro-N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

To a solution of 4-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (1 g, 5.09 mmol) in dimethylformamide (8 mL) was added 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (911 mg, 5.60 mmol) with stirring at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine (2.03 g, 15.27 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The resulting solution was diluted with ethyl acetate. The product was collected by filtration. This resulted in 1 g (63%) of a white solid. MS (ESI) m/z: 312 [M+H].

2. N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

In the vessel of a microwave reactor, to a solution of 4-chloro-N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (500 mg, 1.61 mmol) in n-butyl alcohol (10 mL) was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.04 g, 8.05 mmol) and dimethylamine hydrochloride (656 mg, 8.05 mmol) sequentially at room temperature. The vessel was sealed and then reacted at 150° C. for 1 h under microwave irradiation. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse-phase chromatography (C18 silica gel; mobile phase, water (containing 0.04% ammonium bicarbonate) and acetonitrile (20% acetonitrile up to 80% in 20 min). This resulted in 350 mg (68%) of a white solid. MS ESI) m/z: 321 [M+H].

3. 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

In the vessel of a microwave reactor, to a solution of N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (100 mg, 0.312 mmol) in N,N-dimethyl acetamide (2 mL) was added 1,3-dichloro-5-iodobenzene (93.5 mg, 0.343 mmol, copper(I) iodide (29.6 mg, 0.156 mmol) and potassium carbonate (215 mg, 1.56 mmol) sequentially at room temperature. The vessel was sealed and then reacted at 180° C. for 4 h under microwave irradiation. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature and then diluted with 20 mL of dichloromethane and washed with 2×4 mL of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and 1×4 mL of saturated aqueous sodium chloride respectively. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse-phase chromatography (C18 silica gel; mobile phase: water (containing 0.04% ammonium bicarbonate) and acetonitrile (20% acetonitrile up to 100% in 20 min; Detector, UV 254 nm)). This resulted in 30.4 mg (21%) of a white solid. MS m/z (ESI): 465 [M+H].

Synthesis of (S)—N-(chroman-4-yl)-1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (example 52)

1. Ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1Hpyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate

A mixture of ethyl 4-chloro-2-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (1 g, 4.19 mmol), dimethylamine hydrochloride (1.708 g, 20.95 mmol), N-ethyl-N-isopropylpropan-2-amine (5.42 g, 41.9 mmol) and n-BuOH (10 ml) were stirred for 3 h at 130° C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by reverse-phase flash chromatography (C18 silica gel; gradient of 0.5% ammonium bicarbonate in water and acetonitrile). The product was obtained as yellow solid.

2. 4-(Dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid

To a solution of ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (900 mg, 3.64 mmol) in a mixture of ethanol (8 ml) and water (13 ml) was added sodium hydroxide (437 mg, 10.92 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at 70° C. After cooling to room temperature the pH of the mixture was adjusted to ˜7 and the mixture was extracted by ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield the product as a yellow solid.

3. (S)—N-(chroman-4-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

To a solution of 4-(dimethylamino)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (300 mg, 1.462 mmol) in DMF (1.0 mL) was added sequentially (S)-chroman-4-amine (262 mg, 1.754 mmol), triethylamine (592 mg, 5.85 mmol), EDC hydrochloride (336 mg, 1.754 mmol), 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (398 mg, 2.92 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, then diluted with 10 mL of dichloromethane and washed with 2×5 mL of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and 1×5 mL of saturated aqueous sodium chloride respectively. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep. HPLC (XBridge Prep OBD C18 Column, 30×150 mm 5 um; gradient of water (10 mM NH₄HCO₃) and acetonitrile. The product was obtained as a white solid.

4. (S)—N-(chroman-4-yl)-1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide

To a solution of (S)—N-(chroman-4-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carboxamide (50 mg, 0.143 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.1 ml) was added 1,3-dichloro-5-iodobenzene (117 mg, 0.428 mmol), CuI (54.3 mg, 0.285 mmol), caesium carbonate (93 mg, 0.285 mmol) and N,N′-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine (81 mg, 0.571 mmol) sequentially at room temperature. The vessel was sealed and then reacted at 70° C. for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with 10 mL of dichloromethane and washed with 2×5 mL of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and 1×5 mL of saturated aqueous sodium chloride respectively. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced. The residue was purified by prep. HPLC (XBridge Prep OBD C18 Column, 30×150 mm Sum; gradient of water (10 mM NH₄HCO₃) to yield the product as a solid MS m/z (ESI): 497.1 [M+H].

Table A: Examples

Table A below provides the structure for each of the exemplified compounds (No) of Formula (I), wherein in all exemplified compounds R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R²⁵ are hydrogen. “R/S” denotes the stereochemistry of the asymmetric carbon that bears R¹³, a blank entry indicates either the racemate or the absence of asymmetry.

TABLE A No R¹ R⁷ R/S R¹³ R¹⁴ R¹⁵ R¹⁶ R¹⁹ 1 H dimethylamino —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 2 H dimethylamino —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 3 H morpholin-4-yl —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 4 H morpholin-4-yl —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 5 H dimethylamino —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 6 H dimethylamino —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 7 H morpholin-4-yl —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 8 H morpholin-4-yl —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 9 H dimethylamino H H H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 10 H dimethylamino H H H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 11 H morpholin-4-yl H H H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 12 H morpholin-4-yl H H H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 13 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 14 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 15 H dimethylamino R —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 16 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 17 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 18 H dimethylamino R —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 19 H dimethylamino —CH₂C(CH₃)₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 20 H dimethylamino ═CH—CH═CH— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 21 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 22 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 23 H morpholin-4-yl ═CH—CH═CH— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 24 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl 25 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-difluorophenyl 26 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 27 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2-fluoro-3-chlorophenyl 28 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3-trifluoromethylphenyl 29 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dimethylphenyl 30 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3-dimethylaminophenyl 31 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3-methoxyphenyl 32 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 33 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 34 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 35 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 36 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 37 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 38 H dimethylamino —CH₂C(CH₃)₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 39 H morpholin-4-yl —CH₂C(CH₃)₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 40 H morpholin-4-yl —CH₂C(CH₃)₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 41 H dimethylamino ═CH—CH═CH— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 42 H morpholin-4-yl ═CH—CH═CH— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 43 H ethoxy S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 44 H ethoxy S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 45 H ethoxy S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 46 H ethoxy ═CH—CH═CH— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 47 H methoxy S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 48 H methoxy S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 49 H methoxy S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 50 H methoxy ═CH—CH═CH— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 51 H hydroxy S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 52 CH₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 53 CH₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 54 CH₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 55 CH₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 56 CH₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 57 CH₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 58 CH₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 59 CH₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 60 CH₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 61 CH₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 62 CH₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 63 CH₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 64 H isopropyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 65 H isopropenyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 66 H isopropyl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 67 H isopropenyl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 68 H isopropyl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 69 H isopropenyl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 70 H isopropyl ═CH—CH═CH— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 71 H ethyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 72 H methyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 73 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl 74 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,6-difluorophenyl 75 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl 76 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,6-difluorophenyl 77 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-difluorophenyl 78 H 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 79 H 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 80 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl 81 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,6-difluorophenyl 82 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-difluorophenyl 83 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl 84 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,6-difluorophenyl 85 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-difluorophenyl 86 H 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 87 H 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 88 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl 89 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,6-difluorophenyl 90 H dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-difluorophenyl 91 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl 92 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,6-difluorophenyl 93 H morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-difluorophenyl 94 H 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 95 H 3,3-difluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 96 H 3-fluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 97 H 3-fluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 98 H 3-fluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 99 H 3-fluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 100 H 3-fluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 101 H 3-fluoroazetidinyl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 102 CF₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 103 CF₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 104 CF₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 105 CF₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 106 CF₃ dimethylamino S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 107 CF₃ morpholin-4-yl S —CH₂CH₂— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 108 H dimethylamino S CH₃ OCH₃ H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 109 H dimethylamino CH₃ H H Cl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 110 H dimethylamino CH₂CH₃ H H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 111 H dimethylamino CH₃ H H OCH₃ 3,5-dichlorophenyl 112 H dimethylamino CH₃ Cl H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 113 H dimethylamino CH₃ H H N(CH₃)₂ 3,5-dichlorophenyl 114 H dimethylamino CH₃ H Cl H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 115 H dimethylamino —CH₂—O— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 116 H dimethylamino CH₃ H OCH₃ H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 117 H dimethylamino ═CH—CH═N— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 118 H dimethylamino CH₃ H N(CH₃)₂ H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 119 H dimethylamino ═CH—S— H H 3,5-dichlorophenyl

Table B: Analytical Data

Table B shows the calculated molecular weight (MW) (gram/mol), the observed MS signal (m/z), the HPLC retention time (Rt) in minutes, and the HPLC-method as described in above (“Analytics: HPLC-Methods”) used for analysis.

TABLE B No method Rt m/z MW 1 1 2.061 465.1 465.4 2 2 2.123 465.2 465.4 3 2 2.788 507.2 507.4 4 3 1.209 507.1 507.4 5 3 2.229 481.1 481.4 6 3 2.068 481.1 481.4 7 3 2.312 523.1 523.4 8 2 1.268 523.1 523.4 9 3 2.279 439.1 439.3 10 3 2.016 439.1 439.3 11 10 1.770 481.0 481.4 12 8 1.514 481.1 481.4 13 12 1.490 481.0 481.4 14 8 1.342 479.1 479.4 15 8 1.284 465.0 465.4 16 8 1.650 465.0 465.4 17 8 1.528 521.1 521.4 18 9 1.310 481.1 481.4 19 10 1.485 509.1 509.4 20 14 1.921 475.2 475.4 21 8 1.418 523.1 523.4 22 10 1.619 507.1 507.4 23 10 1.695 517.1 517.4 24 8 1.191 465.0 464.9 25 8 1.120 449.1 448.5 26 10 1.404 449.1 448.5 27 11 1.062 465.1 464.9 28 10 1.456 481.1 480.5 29 10 1.290 441.2 440.5 30 10 1.231 456.2 455.6 31 10 1.268 443.2 442.5 32 8 1.425 481.1 481.4 33 8 1.730 523.1 523.4 34 8 1.540 479.1 479.4 35 10 2.049 521.2 521.4 36 10 1.608 465.1 465.4 37 9 1.851 507.1 507.4 38 16 1.681 509.3 509.4 39 9 1.848 551.1 551.5 40 17 1.858 551.3 551.5 41 10 1.801 475.1 475.4 42 10 2.049 517.1 517.4 43 9 1.892 482.1 482.4 44 8 2.072 466.1 466.4 45 11 2.962 480.1 480.4 46 9 2.029 476.1 476.4 47 9 1.873 468.1 468.3 48 9 1.898 466.0 466.4 49 10 2.119 452.0 452.3 50 17 2.223 462.1 462.3 51 9 1.811 454.0 454.3 52 9 1.417 497.1 495.4 53 4 0.869 495.0 495.4 54 9 1.649 537.1 537.4 55 4 1.004 537.1 537.4 56 14 2.068 493.2 493.4 57 14 2.002 493.2 493.4 58 14 2.051 535.3 535.5 59 4 0.770 537.2 535.5 60 8 1.554 479.1 479.4 61 14 1.908 479.2 479.4 62 8 1.760 521.1 521.4 63 8 1.662 521.2 521.4 64 7 1.205 480.1 480.4 65 9 1.849 478.1 478.4 66 9 1.913 478.0 478.4 67 9 1.976 478.0 476.4 68 9 1.918 464.0 464.4 69 9 1.917 462.0 462.4 70 17 1.772 474.2 474.4 71 9 1.851 466.0 466.4 72 9 1.757 452.0 452.3 73 9 1.323 467.2 466.5 74 13 1.710 449.3 448.5 75 9 1.446 509.2 508.5 76 13 1.669 491.3 490.5 77 13 1.752 491.3 490.5 78 9 1.782 529.1 529.4 79 4 0.720 529.1 529.4 80 9 1.491 465.1 464.5 81 13 1.820 447.3 446.5 82 13 1.878 447.3 446.5 83 9 1.542 507.2 506.5 84 13 1.801 489.3 488.5 85 13 1.856 489.3 488.5 86 9 1.918 527.1 527.4 87 9 1.626 527.1 527.4 88 9 1.387 451.1 450.5 89 13 1.774 433.2 432.5 90 13 1.828 433.2 432.5 91 9 1.478 493.2 492.5 92 13 1.748 475.3 474.5 93 13 1.804 475.3 474.5 94 9 1.840 513.1 513.4 95 4 1.031 513.0 513.4 96 4 1.080 511.1 511.4 97 4 0.853 511.1 511.4 98 5 1.590 511.0 509.4 99 4 0.687 511.1 509.4 100 4 1.110 495.1 495.4 101 4 0.876 495.1 495.4 102 17 1.861 549.2 549.4 103 7 0.877 592.9 591.4 104 4 0.894 547.1 547.4 105 8 1.634 589.1 589.4 106 20 1.939 533.3 533.4 107 18 1.845 575.2 575.4 108 4 1.107 483.1 483.4 109 7 0.936 489.1 487.8 110 4 1.123 467.1 467.4 111 6 1.044 483.2 483.4 112 4 1.131 489.0 487.8 113 14 1.478 496.3 496.4 114 4 1.149 487.0 487.8 115 4 1.060 467.0 467.3 116 4 1.064 483.1 483.4 117 19 1.445 476.2 476.4 118 4 0.929 496.1 496.4 119 15 1.927 481.2 481.4

Biological Examples

In Vitro Assay: Ascaridia galli and Oesophagostomum dentatum

Ascaridia galli (intestinal roundworm of chicken), larval stage 3 (“L3”); and Oesophagostomum dentatum (nodular worm of swine), larval stages 3 and 4 (respectively “L3” and “L4”) where suspended in a nutrient medium and distributed to 96 well plates with 20 larvae per well. The wells were spiked with DMSO solutions of the compounds with declining concentration. The anthelmintic effects were determined by microscopic examination and defined by the minimum effective concentration (“MEC”), which is the concentration by which at least one of the larvae shows mortality, a change in motility or a change in progression of development.

The following compounds an MEC of 50 μM or less against Ascaridia galli L3: 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 43.

The following compounds showed an MEC of 10 μM or less against Ascaridia galli L3: 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 33, 35, 36.

The following compounds an MEC of 50 μM or less against Oesophagostomum dentatum L3: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 48, 50.

The following compounds showed an MEC of 10 μM or less against Oesophagostomum dentatum L3: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 50.

The following compounds an MEC of 50 μM or less against Oesophagostomum dentatum L4: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 43.

The following compounds showed an MEC of 10 μM or less against Oesophagostomum dentatum L4: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 40.

In Vitro Assay: Haemonchus contortus

Solutions of compounds with declining concentrations in DMSO were prepared, diluted with nutrient medium and distributed to 96 well microtiterplates. Exsheathed L3 larvae of Haemonchus contortus were incubated for 20 min at 37° C. in a water bath, separated by centrifugation and added to the wells with 300 Larvae/well. After incubation for 7 days motility was assessed by automated microscopy. Ivermectin was used as positive control, DMSO as negative control and ED₅₀ values were calculated which represent the concentration for an individual compound that reduces motility by 50% with respect to the positive control.

The following compounds showed an ED₅₀ value below 50 μM against Haemonchus contortus: 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 39, 40.

The following compounds showed an ED₅₀ value below 10 μM against Haemonchus contortus: 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 39, 40.

In Vitro Assay: Dirofilaria immitis L1

Approximately 500 D. immitis microfilaria were added to a microtiter plate containing a nutrient medium and the test compound in DMSO at varying concentrations. After incubation for 3 days, activity was evaluated as reduction in motility as compared to DMSO as negative control.

Compounds were tested in duplicates. Based on the concentration response curves EC₅₀ values were calculated.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 10 μM: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 43, 50, 51.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 1 μM: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 40.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 0.1 μM: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36.

In Vitro Assay: Dirofilaria immitis L4

10 larvae L4 of D. immitis were added to a microtiter plate containing a nutrient medium and the test compound in DMSO at varying concentrations. After incubation for 3 days, activity was evaluated as reduction in motility as compared to DMSO as negative control. Compounds were tested in duplicates. Based on the concentration response curves EC₅₀ values were calculated.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 1 μM: 2, 6, 8, 13, 14.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 0.1 μM: 2, 6, 13, 14.

In Vitro Assay: Acanthocheilonema viteae L1

Approximately 500 A. viteae microfilaria were added to a microtiter plate containing a nutrient medium and the test compound in DMSO at varying concentrations. After incubation for 3 days, activity was evaluated as reduction in motility as compared to DMSO as negative control. Compounds were tested in duplicates. Based on the concentration response curves EC₅₀ values were calculated.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 10 μM: 4, 8, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 45, 48, 49, 51.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 1 μM: 4, 8, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 43, 45, 49.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 0.1 μM: 4, 8, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 45, 49.

In Vitro Assay: Agonistic Activity at C. elegans Slo-1a

A CHO K1 cell line stably transfected with the Caenorhabditis elegans slo-1a (accession no Y51A2D.19a) was established. Cells were seeded in microtiter plates (black 384-well MTP, clear bottom) in a concentration of 10,000 cells/well in 25 μl medium and cultured for 20 to 24 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO₂. The cell medium was removed, and the cells washed with Tyrode's solution. 25 μl of FMP-dye Blue-Tyrode's was added to each well and incubated at room temperature for 30 min.

For the membrane potential measurements, the prepared cell plate and substance plate were placed in the FLIPR Tetra (Molecular Devices). The baseline measurement of the fluorescence was stared for 20 sec (Exc. 510-545 nm, Emm. 565-625 nm). The cells were depolarized by addition of 25 μl of the diluted test compounds (final assay concentration of the KCl-Tyrode: 70 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2), 1 mM MgCl2, 0.8 mM NaH2PO4, 5 mM Glucose, 28 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, including the voltage sensitive dye). The complete measurement takes 150 s.

EC₅₀ values were determined in triplicate utilizing compound dilution series. The data were determined at least in two independent tests. The data were proceeded by using the ActivityBase XE Runner software (IDBS) for curve fitting and calculation of the half-maximal effective concentration.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 10 μM: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, 36, 38, 40.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value below 1 μM: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31.

In Vitro Assay: Agonistic Activity at the Human Maxi K Channel (BK Channel)

A CHO K1 cell line was stably transfected with the KCNMA1 (KCa1.1, U11058) and beta1 (KCNMB1) subunits of the human Maxi K channel (Ponte et al, Molecular Pharmacology 2012, 81(4), 567-577).

Cells were seeded in microtiter plates (black 384-well MTP, clear bottom) in a concentration of 10,000 cells/well in 25 μl medium and cultured for 20 to 24 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO₂. The cell medium was removed, and the cells washed with Tyrode's solution. 25 μl of FMP-dye Blue-Tyrode's was added to each well and incubated at room temperature for 30 min.

For the membrane potential measurements, the prepared cell plate and substance plate were placed in the FLIPR Tetra (Molecular Devices). The baseline measurement of the fluorescence was stared for 20 sec (Exc. 510-545 nm, Emm. 565-625 nm). The cells were depolarized by addition of 25 μl of the diluted test compounds (final assay concentration of the KCl-Tyrode: 70 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl₂), 1 mM MgCl2, 0.8 mM NaH₂PO₄, 5 mM Glucose, 28 mM Hepes, pH 7.4, including the voltage sensitive dye). The complete measurement takes 150 s.

EC₅₀ values were determined in triplicate utilizing compound dilution series. The data were determined at least in two independent tests. The data were proceeded by using the ActivityBase XE Runner software (IDBS) for curve fitting and calculation of the half-maximal effective concentration.

The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value between 10 and 30 μM: 14, 17, 38 The following compounds showed an EC₅₀ value above 30 μM: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51

Thus, it can be seen from the present results that the present compound are effective as far as the treatment of helminths such as nematodes, especially Dirofilaria, is concerned, while the potential for target-related adverse reactions in the host such as mammal (e.g. a human being) is low. 

1. Compound of Formula (I)

wherein R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR²R³, COOH, C(═O)OR⁴, SR⁴, SOR⁴, SO₂R⁴, SO₂NR⁵R⁶ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR^(2′)R^(3′), C(═O)OR^(4′), SR^(4′), SOR^(4′), SO₂R^(4′), SO₂NR^(5′)R^(6′) and C(═O)NR^(5′)R^(6′), R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₆₋₁₀-aryl and C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, or R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₆₋₁₀-aryl or C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, mercapto, NR^(2″)R^(3″), C(═O)OR^(4″), SR^(4″), SOR⁴, SO₂R^(4″), SO₂NR^(5″)R^(6″) and C(═O)NR^(5″)R^(6″), R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(2′), R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′) and R^(6′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(2″), R^(3″), R^(4″), R^(5″) and R^(6″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR⁸R⁹, COOH, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰, SO₂NR¹¹R¹² and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹², wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀ aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′), SR^(10′), SOR^(10′), SO₂R^(10′), SO₂NR^(11′)R^(12′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′), R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₆₋₁₀-aryl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, or R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with C₆₋₁₀-aryl or C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, mercapto, NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)OR^(10″), SR^(10″), SOR^(10″), SO₂R^(10″), SO₂NR^(11″)R^(12″) and C(═O)NR¹¹R^(12″), R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R¹³ is hydrogen or C₁₋₃ alkyl, R¹⁴ is hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, NR^(14′)R^(14″), wherein R^(14′) and R^(14″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl or R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—, or R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—, R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(17′)R^(17″), wherein R^(17′) and R^(17″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, or NR^(18′)R^(18′), wherein R^(18′) and R^(18″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, NR²⁰R²¹, C(═O)OR²², SR²², SOR²², SO₂R²², SO₂NR²³R²⁴ and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴, R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl substituted with C₆₋₁₀-aryl, C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, or R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy or C₁₋₆-alkylmercapto or the heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₂₋₆-alkynyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, carbonyl, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, mercapto, NR^(20′)R^(21′), C(═O)OR^(22′), SR^(22′), SOR^(22′) SO₂R^(22′), SO₂NR^(23′)R^(24′), and C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′), R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R²⁵ is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, or a stereoisomer, physiologically acceptable salt, ester, solvate, polymorph, prodrug and mixtures thereof.
 2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²R³, C(═O)OR⁴ and C(═O)NR⁵R⁶, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy and NR^(2′)R^(3′), R² and R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R² and R³ together with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₁₋₆-alkoxy, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.
 3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy and halogen, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy and NR^(2′)R^(3′), wherein R^(2′) and R^(3′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₃-alkyl.
 4. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, fluoride and chloride.
 5. The compound according to am claim 1, wherein R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10 membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹², wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 4- to 10 membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10 membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(1′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′), R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10 membered heterocyclyl and 5- to membered heteroaryl, or R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O, wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10 membered heterocyclyl, and 5- to 10 membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8″)R^(9″), C(═O)—OR^(10″) and C(═O)NR^(1″)R^(12″), R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(8″), R^(9″), R^(10″), R^(11″) and R^(12″) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.
 6. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4- to 10 membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy, NR⁸R⁹, C(═O)OR¹⁰, SR¹⁰, SOR¹⁰, SO₂R¹⁰ and C(═O)NR¹¹R¹², wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₂₋₆-alkenyl, 4- to 10 membered heterocyclyl or C₁₋₆-alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, 5- to 10 membered heterocyclyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(8′)R^(9′), C(═O)OR^(10′) and C(═O)NR^(11′)R^(12′), R⁸ and R⁹ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5- to 10 membered heteroaryl, or R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 1 ring atom is N and wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O; wherein the C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5- to 10 membered heteroaryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R⁸ and R⁹ together with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, hydroxy and NR^(8″)R^(9″), R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(8′), R^(9′), R^(10′), R^(11′) and R^(12′) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(8″) are R^(9″) are independently selected from hydrogen or C₁₋₆-alkyl.
 7. The compound according to a m claim 1, wherein R⁷ is independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, ethenyl, 2-propenyl, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxy, dimethylamino, and morpholin-4-yl.
 8. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing non-aromatic ring, wherein the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl or ═O, and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O—, —S(O)—, —S(O)₂— or —S—, R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy, R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.
 9. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹³ and R¹⁴ together with the atoms to which they are attached form a 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing aromatic ring, the 5 or 6-carbon atoms containing ring is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₃-alkyl and/or wherein one or more of the ring forming carbon atoms are optionally replaced by —NH—, —N═, ═N—, —O— or —S—, R¹⁵ is independently hydrogen, halogen C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(15′)R^(15″), wherein R^(15′) and R^(15″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁶ is independently hydrogen, halogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy or NR^(16′)R^(16″), wherein R^(16′) and R^(16″) are independently C₁₋₃-alkyl, R¹⁷ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy, R¹⁸ is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy.
 10. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, NR²⁰R²¹, C(═O)OR²² and C(═O)NR²³R²⁴, R²⁰ and R²¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl or R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein 0, 1, 2, or 3 further ring atoms are selected from N, S and O; wherein each C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl or C₆₋₁₀-aryl or the heterocyclic ring formed by R²⁰ and R²¹ together with the N atom to which they are attached is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₃₋₁₀-cycloalkyl, 5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, NR^(20′)R^(21′) C(═O)OR^(22′) and C(═O)NR^(23′)R^(24′), R²², R²³ and R²⁴ are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl, R^(20′), R^(21′), R^(22′), R^(23′) and R^(24′) are independently selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₆-alkyl.
 11. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹⁹ is independently selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₀-aryl and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl wherein each C₆₋₁₀-aryl or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆-alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro and hydroxy.
 12. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl, wherein the C₆₋₁₀-aryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituent(s) independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆-alkyl, halogen, cyano and nitro.
 13. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹⁹ is C₆₋₁₀-aryl, wherein the C₆₋₁₀-aryl is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of fluoride, chloride and bromide.
 14. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R²⁵ is hydrogen.
 15. The compound according to claim 1 being present in form of the (S)-enantiomer.
 16. Process for preparing the compound according to Formula (I) comprising the step of reacting a compound of Formula (A)

with a compound of Formula (B) Hal-R₁   Formula (B) wherein Hal is a halogen and R¹, R⁷, R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹ and R²⁵ are defined as in claim 1, to obtain the compound according to Formula (I).
 17. A Veterinary composition comprising a compound according to Formula (I) according to a m claim 1, and one or more physiologically acceptable excipient(s).
 18. The Veterinary composition according to claim 17, wherein the one or more physiologically acceptable excipient(s) are selected from carriers, fillers, flavours, binders, antioxidants, buffers, sugar components, lubricants, surfactants, stabilizers, flow agents, disintegration agents and preservatives and mixtures thereof. 19-22. (canceled)
 23. A method of treating disorders/diseases caused by helminths comprising administering to an animal an effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) according to claim
 1. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the helminths are Dirofilaria immitis. 